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Abstract
The predicted increase in the intensity and frequency of drought events associated with global climate change will impose severe hydrological stress to freshwater ecosystems, potentially altering their structure and function. Unlike freshwater communities’ direct response to drought, their post-drought recovery capacities remain understudied despite being an essential component driving ecosystem resilience. Here we used tank bromeliad as model ecosystem to emulate droughts of different duration and then assess the recovery capacities of ecosystem structure and function. We followed macroinvertebrate predator and prey biomass to characterize the recovery dynamics of trophic structure (i.e. predator–prey biomass ratio) during the post-drought rewetting phase. We showed that drought significantly affects the trophic structure of macroinvertebrates by reducing the predator–prey biomass ratio. The asynchronous recovery of predator and prey biomass appeared as a critical driver of the post-drought recovery trajectory of trophic structure. Litter decomposition rate, which is an essential ecosystem function, remained stable after drought events, indicating the presence of compensatory effects between detritivores biomass and detritivores feeding activity. We conclude that, in a context of global change, the asynchrony in post-drought recovery of different trophic levels may impact the overall drought resilience of small freshwater ecosystems in a more complex way than expected.
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1 CNRS, Université Clermont Auvergne, Laboratoire Microorganismes, Génome Et Environnement, Clermont-Ferrand, France (GRID:grid.494717.8) (ISNI:0000000115480420)
2 Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha Do Fundão, Departamento de Ecología, Instituto de Biologia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (GRID:grid.8536.8) (ISNI:0000 0001 2294 473X); AMAP, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France (GRID:grid.503016.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2160 870X)
3 Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha Do Fundão, Departamento de Ecología, Instituto de Biologia, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (GRID:grid.8536.8) (ISNI:0000 0001 2294 473X)
4 Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse INP, Université Toulouse 3—Paul Sabatier (UT3), Laboratoire Écologie Fonctionnelle Et Environnement, Toulouse, France (GRID:grid.508721.9)
5 AMAP, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, Montpellier, France (GRID:grid.503016.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2160 870X); ECOFOG, CNRS, CIRAD, INRAE, Université Des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, France (GRID:grid.4444.0) (ISNI:0000 0001 2112 9282)
6 University of British Columbia, Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, Vancouver, Canada (GRID:grid.17091.3e) (ISNI:0000 0001 2288 9830)