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© 2022. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Urban heat and air pollution, two environmental threats to urban residents, are studied via a community science project in Los Angeles, CA, USA. The data collected, for the first time, by community members, reveal the significance of both the large spatiotemporal variations of and the covariations between 2 m air temperature (2mT) and ozone (O3) concentration within the (4 km) neighborhood scale. This neighborhood variation was not exhibited in either daily satellite observations or operational model predictions, which makes the assessment of community health risks a challenge. Overall, the 2mT is much better predicted than O3 by the weather and research forecast model with atmospheric chemistry (WRF‐Chem). For O3, diurnal variation is better predicted by WRF‐Chem than spatial variation (i.e., underestimated by 50%). However, both WRF‐chem and the surface observation show the overall consistency in describing statistically significant covariations between O3 and 2mT. In contrast, satellite‐based land surface temperature at 1 km resolution is insufficient to capture air temperature variations at the neighborhood scale. Community engagement is augmented with interactive maps and apps that show the predictions in near real time and reveals the potential of green canopy to reduce air temperature and ozone; but different tree types and sizes may lead to different impacts on air temperature, which is not resolved by the WRF‐Chem. These findings highlight the need for community science engagement to reveal otherwise impossible insights for models, observations, and real‐time dissemination to understand, predict, and ultimately mitigate, urban neighborhood vulnerability to heat and air pollution.

Details

Title
Resolving and Predicting Neighborhood Vulnerability to Urban Heat and Air Pollution: Insights From a Pilot Project of Community Science
Author
Wang, Jun 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Lorena Castro‐Garcia 2 ; Jenerette, G Darrel 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Chandler, Mark 4   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Cui Ge 2 ; Kucera, Dion 3 ; Koutzoukis, Sofia 3 ; Zeng, Jing 1 

 Center for Global & Regional Environmental Research and Iowa Technology Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA 
 Center for Global & Regional Environmental Research and Iowa Technology Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA 
 Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA 
 Earthwatch Institute, Boston, MA, USA 
Section
Research Article
Publication year
2022
Publication date
May 2022
Publisher
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
e-ISSN
24711403
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2669497496
Copyright
© 2022. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.