Full Text

Turn on search term navigation

© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Marine protected areas (MPAs) can provide a range of ecological benefits. Frameworks—including the IUCN protected area categories and The MPA Guide—offer tools towards evaluating an MPA’s objectives, types, Level of Protection, and potential effectiveness. However, the majority of MPAs exist in national waters, raising the question of how these frameworks apply in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ). We evaluated the existing ABNJ MPAs in the Antarctic designated through the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) using the two above mentioned frameworks. The newly released The MPA Guide, which complements guidance from the IUCN protected area categories, provides perhaps the most exhaustive framework as it seeks to evaluate implementation, enabling conditions, and outcomes. The CCAMLR MPAs ranged from Category 1A (for IUCN)/Highly Protected (for The MPA Guide) to Category IV (for IUCN)/Lightly Protected (for The MPA Guide) due to differences in management objectives and activities occurring within the zones of the MPAs. Given ongoing negotiations for a new international, legally binding treaty for high seas biodiversity, evaluating an MPA using these existing frameworks will prove useful to allow for a full comprehensive picture of an MPA and what it can expect to achieve.

Details

Title
Applying Marine Protected Area Frameworks to Areas beyond National Jurisdiction
Author
Nocito, Emily S 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Sullivan-Stack, Jenna 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Pike, Elizabeth P 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Gjerde, Kristina M 4 ; Brooks, Cassandra M 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Department of Environmental Studies, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; [email protected] 
 Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; [email protected] 
 Marine Protection Atlas (MPAtlas), Marine Conservation Institute, Seattle, WA 98103, USA; [email protected] 
 IUCN Global Marine and Polar Programme, IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; [email protected]; Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey, Monterey, CA 93940, USA 
First page
5971
Publication year
2022
Publication date
2022
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20711050
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2670464352
Copyright
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.