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Abstract
PILRA (rs1859788 A > G) has been suggested to be a protective variant for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and is an entry co-receptor for herpes simplex virus-1. We conducted a nested case–control study of 360 1:1-matched AD subjects. Interactions between the PILRA-A allele, APOE risk variants (ε3/ε4 or ε4/ε4) and GM17 for AD risk were modelled. The associations were cross-validated using two independent whole-genome sequencing datasets. We found negative interactions between PILRA-A and GM17 (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.52–1.00) and between PILRA-A and APOE risk variants (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.32–0.98) in the discovery dataset. In the replication cohort, a joint effect of PILRA and PILRA × GM 17/17 was observed for the risk of developing AD (p .02). Here, we report a negative effect modification by PILRA on APOE and GM17 high-risk variants for future AD risk in two independent datasets. This highlights the complex genetics of AD.
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1 Umeå University, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine, Umeå, Sweden (GRID:grid.12650.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 1034 3451)
2 Umeå University, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine, Umeå, Sweden (GRID:grid.12650.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 1034 3451); Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatric Medicine, Uppsala, Sweden (GRID:grid.8993.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9457)
3 Umeå University, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå, Sweden (GRID:grid.12650.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 1034 3451)
4 Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Charleston, USA (GRID:grid.259828.c) (ISNI:0000 0001 2189 3475)
5 Massachusetts General Hospital, Genetics and Aging Unit, Department of Neurology, McCance Center for Brain Health, Boston, USA (GRID:grid.32224.35) (ISNI:0000 0004 0386 9924); Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (GRID:grid.38142.3c) (ISNI:000000041936754X)
6 Umeå University, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå, Sweden (GRID:grid.12650.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 1034 3451)
7 Umeå University, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine, Umeå, Sweden (GRID:grid.12650.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 1034 3451); Umeå University, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå, Sweden (GRID:grid.12650.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 1034 3451)
8 Umeå University, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine, Umeå, Sweden (GRID:grid.12650.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 1034 3451); Umeå University, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå, Sweden (GRID:grid.12650.30) (ISNI:0000 0001 1034 3451)