Abstract

Electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2R) is an attractive option for storing renewable electricity and for the sustainable production of valuable chemicals and fuels. In this roadmap, we review recent progress in fundamental understanding, catalyst development, and in engineering and scale-up. We discuss the outstanding challenges towards commercialization of electrochemical CO2R technology: energy efficiencies, selectivities, low current densities, and stability. We highlight the opportunities in establishing rigorous standards for benchmarking performance, advances in in operando characterization, the discovery of new materials towards high value products, the investigation of phenomena across multiple-length scales and the application of data science towards doing so. We hope that this collective perspective sparks new research activities that ultimately bring us a step closer towards establishing a low- or zero-emission carbon cycle.

Details

Title
2022 roadmap on low temperature electrochemical CO2 reduction
Author
Stephens, Ifan E L 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Chan, Karen 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Bagger, Alexander 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Boettcher, Shannon W 4   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Bonin, Julien 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Boutin, Etienne 6   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Buckley, Aya K 7 ; Buonsanti, Raffaella 8   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Cave, Etosha R 7 ; Chang, Xiaoxia 9   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; See Wee Chee 10   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Alisson H M da Silva 11   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; de Luna, Phil 12   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Einsle, Oliver 13   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Endrődi, Balázs 14   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Escudero-Escribano, Maria 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Jorge V Ferreira de Araujo 15   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Figueiredo, Marta C 16   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Hahn, Christopher 17   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Hansen, Kentaro U 18 ; Haussener, Sophia 6   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Hunegnaw, Sara 7   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Huo, Ziyang 7 ; Yun Jeong Hwang 19   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Janáky, Csaba 20   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Jayathilake, Buddhinie S 17   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Jiao, Feng 18   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Jovanov, Zarko P 15 ; Karimi, Parisa 12 ; Koper, Marc T M 11 ; Kuhl, Kendra P 7   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Lee, Woong Hee 21   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Liang, Zhiqin 11 ; Liu, Xuan 11 ; Ma, Sichao 7   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Ma, Ming 22   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Hyung-Suk Oh 23   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Marc, Robert 24   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Beatriz Roldan Cuenya 10   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Rossmeisl, Jan 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Roy, Claudie 12 ; Ryan, Mary P 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Sargent, Edward H 25 ; Sebastián-Pascual, Paula 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Seger, Brian 26   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Steier, Ludmilla 27   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Strasser, Peter 28 ; Varela, Ana Sofia 29   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Vos, Rafaël E 11 ; Wang, Xue 25   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Xu, Bingjun 9   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Yadegari, Hossein 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Zhou, Yuxiang 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Department of Materials, Imperial College London , Exhibition Road, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom 
 Catalysis Theory Center, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark , 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark 
 Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark 
 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Oregon Center for Electrochemistry, University of Oregon , Eugene, OR, United States of America 
 Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, Université Paris Cité, CNRS , Paris, F-75006, France 
 Laboratory of Renewable Energy Science and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland 
 Twelve Benefit Corporation , 614 Bancroft Way, Berkeley, CA, 94710, United States of America 
 Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy (LNCE), Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1950 Sion, Switzerland 
 College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing, People’s Republic of China 
10  Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society , Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany 
11  Leiden Institute of Chemistry , Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands 
12  Energy, Mining, and Environment Research Centre, National Research Council Canada , Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada 
13  Institute for Biochemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg , 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany 
14  Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged , Rerrich square 1, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary 
15  LIQUIDLOOP GmbH, Hardenbergstr. 38, AM1, Technical University Berlin , Berlin, 10623, Germany 
16  Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Department, Eindhoven University of Technology , PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands; Eindhoven Institute of Renewable Energy Systems , PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands 
17  Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Livermore, CA 94550, United States of America 
18  Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware , 150 Academy Street, Newark, DE 19716, United States of America 
19  Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea 
20  Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Szeged , Rerrich square 1, Szeged, H-6720, Hungary; eChemicles Zrt , Alsó Kikötő sor 11, Szeged, H-6726, Hungary 
21  Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea 
22  School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University , Xi’an 710049, People’s Republic of China 
23  Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; KHU-KIST Department of Conversing Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea 
24  Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Moléculaire, Université Paris Cité, CNRS , Paris, F-75006, France; Institut Universitaire de France , F-75005 Paris, France 
25  Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON M5S 1A4, Canada 
26  Section for Surface Physics and Catalysis(SurfCat), Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark , 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark 
27  Department of Materials, Imperial College London , London, United Kingdom; Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford , Oxford, United Kingdom 
28  Department of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Division, Technical University of Berlin , Strasse des 17. Juni 124, Berlin, 10623, Germany 
29  Institute of Chemistry, UNAM , Mexico City, Mexico 
First page
042003
Publication year
2022
Publication date
Oct 2022
Publisher
IOP Publishing
e-ISSN
25157655
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2720963756
Copyright
© 2022 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.