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© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) is associated with malnutrition risk in hospitalised individuals. COVID-19 and malnutrition studies in large European cohorts are limited, and post-discharge dietary characteristics are understudied. This study aimed to assess the rates of and risk factors for ≥10% weight loss in inpatients with COVID-19, and the need for post-discharge dietetic support and the General Practitioner (GP) prescription of oral nutritional supplements, during the first COVID-19 wave in a large teaching hospital in the UK. Hospitalised adult patients admitted between March and June 2020 with a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis were included in this retrospective cohort study. Demographic, anthropometric, clinical, biochemical, and nutritional parameters associated with ≥10% weight loss and post-discharge characteristics were described. Logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors for ≥10% weight loss and post-discharge requirements for ongoing dietetic input and oral nutritional supplement prescription. From the total 288 patients analysed (40% females, 72 years median age), 19% lost ≥ 10% of their admission weight. The length of hospital stay was a significant risk factor for ≥10% weight loss in multivariable analysis (OR 1.22; 95% CI 1.08–1.38; p = 0.001). In addition, ≥10% weight loss was positively associated with higher admission weight and malnutrition screening scores, dysphagia, ICU admission, and artificial nutrition needs. The need for more than one dietetic input after discharge was associated with older age and ≥10% weight loss during admission. A large proportion of patients admitted to the hospital with COVID-19 experienced significant weight loss during admission. Longer hospital stay is a risk factor for ≥10% weight loss, independent of disease severity, reinforcing the importance of repeated malnutrition screening and timely referral to dietetics.

Details

Title
Factors Associated with Significant Weight Loss in Hospitalised Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study in a Large Teaching Hospital
Author
Zannidi, Dimitra 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Patel, Pinal S 1 ; Leventea, Eleni 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Paciepnik, Jessica 1 ; Dobson, Frances 1 ; Heyes, Caroline 1 ; Goudie, Robert J B 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Oude Griep, Linda M 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Preller, Jacobus 4   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Spillman, Lynsey N 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK 
 MRC Biostatistics Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, East Forvie Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SR, UK 
 NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Diet, Anthropometry, and Physical Activity Group, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK 
 Department of Acute Internal Medicine and Intensive Care, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK 
 Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Diet, Anthropometry, and Physical Activity Group, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK 
First page
4195
Publication year
2022
Publication date
2022
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20726643
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2724282052
Copyright
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.