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Abstract
Antimicrobial surfactants contained in mouthrinse have excellent efficacy, but are not retained on the tooth surface (are rinsed away) due to their low water resistance and thus do not exhibit sustained antibacterial activity. We have developed a new coating method using graphene oxide (GO) that retains the surfactant on the tooth surface even after rinsing with water, thus providing a sustained antibacterial effect. Ultra-thin films of GO and an antimicrobial agent were prepared by (1) applying GO to the substrate surface, drying, and thoroughly rinsing with water to remove excess GO to form an ultrathin film (almost a monolayer, transparent) on the substrate surface, then (2) applying antimicrobial cationic surface active agents (CSAAs) on the GO film to form a composite coating film (GO/CSAA). GO/CSAA formation was verified by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ζ-potential and contact angle measurements. GO/CSAA was effective at inhibiting the growth of oral pathogens for up to 7 days of storage in water, and antibacterial activity was recovered by reapplication of the CSAA. Antibacterial GO/CSAA films were also formed on a tooth substrate. The results suggest that GO/CSAA coatings are effective in preventing oral infections.
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Details
1 Hokkaido University, Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (GRID:grid.39158.36) (ISNI:0000 0001 2173 7691)
2 Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation School of Dentistry, Ishikari-gun, Japan (GRID:grid.412021.4) (ISNI:0000 0004 1769 5590)
3 Hokkaido University, Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Sapporo, Japan (GRID:grid.39158.36) (ISNI:0000 0001 2173 7691); Hokkaido University Hospital, Division of General Dentistry Center for Dental Clinics, Sapporo, Japan (GRID:grid.412167.7) (ISNI:0000 0004 0378 6088)
4 Kansai University, Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Suita, Japan (GRID:grid.412013.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 2185 3035)
5 Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd, Suita, Japan (GRID:grid.459844.0) (ISNI:0000 0004 1793 1143)