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© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

This study aims to investigate distractibility quantified by recording and analyzing eye movements during task-irrelevant distraction in children with and without ADHD and in children with and without neurological disorders. Gaze behavior data and press latencies of 141 participants aged 6–17 that were collected during a computerized distraction paradigm with task-irrelevant stimuli (IDistrack) were analyzed. Children using attention-regulating medication were excluded from participation. Data were analyzed for subgroups that were formed based on the presence of neurological disorders and the presence of ADHD separately. Participants with ADHD and participants with neurological disorders spent less time fixating on the target stimuli compared to their peers without ADHD (p = 0.025) or their peers without neurological disorders (p < 0.001). Participants with and without ADHD had equal press latencies (p = 0.79). Participants with neurological disorders had a greater press latency compared to their typically developing peers (p < 0.001). Target fixation duration shows a significant association with parent-reported attention problems (r = −0.39, p < 0.001). We conclude that eye tracking during a distraction task reveals potentially valid clinical information that may contribute to the assessment of dysfunctional attentional processes. Further research on the validity and reliability of this paradigm is recommended.

Details

Title
Clinical Utility of Eye Tracking in Assessing Distractibility in Children with Neurological Disorders or ADHD: A Cross-Sectional Study
Author
Sweere, Dirk J J 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Pel, Johan J M 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Marlou J G Kooiker 2 ; van Dijk, Johannes P 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Elizabeth J J M van Gemert 4 ; Hurks, Petra P M 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Klinkenberg, Sylvia 6 ; Vermeulen, R Jeroen 7   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Hendriksen, Jos G M 1 

 Kempenhaeghe Centre for Neurological Learning Disabilities, 5591 VE Heeze, The Netherlands; Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands 
 Erasmus Medical Centre, Vestibular and Oculomotor Research Group, Department of Neuroscience, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands 
 Academic Centre for Epilepsy Kempenhaeghe, 5591 VE Heeze, The Netherlands 
 Academic Centre for Epilepsy Kempenhaeghe, 5591 VE Heeze, The Netherlands; Berkenschutse School for Children with Special Needs, 5591 VE Heeze, The Netherlands 
 Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands 
 Kempenhaeghe Centre for Neurological Learning Disabilities, 5591 VE Heeze, The Netherlands; Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands 
 Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6211 LK Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands 
First page
1369
Publication year
2022
Publication date
2022
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20763425
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2728432017
Copyright
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.