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© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Highlights

  • The use of inexpensive, easily obtained, and ecological adsorbents.

  • New bio-adsorbents were made for Colorant adsorption from an aqueous solution.

  • EBT dye adsorption capacities ranged from 1.8 to 2.8 mg.g−1.

  • Adsorptions of EBT dye by the activated carbon of cannabis.

  • This study provides cost-effective and sustainable production of activated carbon.

  • Application of mathematical modeling to develop new relevant mathematical models based on experimental results.

Abstract

In the present work, the adsorption behavior of Eriochrome Black T (EBT) on waste hemp activated carbon (WHAC) was examined. The surface of the WHAC was modified by H3PO4 acid treatment. The surface and structural characterization of the adsorbents was carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The effect of influential adsorption parameters (pH, contact time, dosage, and initial concentration) on the adsorption of EBT onto WHAC was examined in batch experiments; some adsorption parameters such as pH, concentration and dose were improved by new mathematical models. The adsorption behavior of EBT on the surfaces of WHAC was evaluated by applying different isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich) to equilibrium data. The adsorption kinetics was studied by using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich and intraparticle models on the model. Adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order rate kinetics. The maximum removal of EBT was found to be 44–62.08% by WHAC at pH = 7, adsorbent dose of 10–70 mg, contact time of 3 h and initial dye concentration of 10 mg.L−1. The maximum adsorption capacities were 14.025 mg.g−1 obtained by calculating according to the Langmuir model, while the maximum removal efficiency was obtained at 70 mg equal to 62.08% for the WHAC. The adsorption process is physical in the monolayer and multilayer.

Details

Title
Efficient Removal of Eriochrome Black T Dye Using Activated Carbon of Waste Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Grown in Northern Morocco Enhanced by New Mathematical Models
Author
Fouad El Mansouri 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Pelaz, Guillermo 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Morán, Antonio 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Joaquim C G Esteves Da Silva 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Cacciola, Francesco 4   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Hammadi El Farissi 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Tayeq, Hatim 6 ; Mohammed Hassani Zerrouk 7   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Brigui, Jamal 1 

 Research Team: Materials, Environment and Sustainable Development (MEDD), Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Tangier, BP 416, Tangier 90000, Morocco 
 Chemical and Environmental Bioprocess Engineering Group, Natural Resources Institute, University of León, 24071 León, Spain 
 Centro de Investigação Em Química (CIQUP), Instituto De Ciências Moleculares (IMS), Departamento De Geociências, Ambiente e Ordenamento Do Território, Faculdade De Ciências, Universidade Do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal 
 Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy 
 Laboratory of Environment and Applied Chemistry of the Natural Resources and Processes, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Mohamed First University, BP 524, Oujda 60000, Morocco 
 MAE2D Laboratory, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Larache, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93020, Morocco 
 Environmental Technologies, Biotechnology and Valorisation of Bio-Resources Team, TEBVB, FSTH, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan 93020, Morocco 
First page
283
Publication year
2022
Publication date
2022
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
22978739
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2728527226
Copyright
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.