Physical activity, physical capacity and sedentary behavior among asthma patients

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Although exercise and daily physical activity (PA) have long been known to benefit patients with chronic disorders, knowledge is limited regarding asthma.

OBJECTIVE: In a Danish setting, our aim was to measure physical activity, sedentary behavior, and physical capacity among patients with asthma. We hypothesized that people with severe asthma would be less active and more sedentary than their mild-moderate counterparts.

METHODS: Adults with asthma were recruited through respiratory outpatient clinics and subsequently examined twice, 4 weeks apart. At each visit, participants underwent a series of lung function tests, questionnaires, and maximum oxygen uptake testing (VO₂max). Between the visits, participants wore an accelerometer continuously for 4 weeks, measuring sedentary time and daily steps. Sixty patients, 27 with mild-moderate asthma (GINA 1–3) and 33 with severe asthma (GINA 4–5), completed both visits and had valid accelerometer measurements.

RESULTS: No significant differences between the two groups were found in sedentary time, number of steps or VO₂max.   VO₂max was significantly correlated with FeNO (r = −0.30, p < 0.05), Short Form-12 Mental Health (r = 0.37, p < 0.05), Asthma Control Questionnaire (r = −0.35, p < 0.05), and Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (r = 0.36, p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: No differences were observed between patients with mild-moderate and severe asthma regarding sedentary behavior, daily steps or level of cardiopulmonary fitness. Furthermore, patients with the highest VO₂max had the higher quality of life scores.

Abbreviations: VO₂max: Maximal Oxygen Uptake; CPET: Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing; BMI: Body Mass Index; FEV1: Forced Expired Volume in the First Second; FVC: Forced Vital Capacity; PEF: Peak Expiratory Flow; EIB: Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction; COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; ACQ: Asthma Control Questionnaire; Mini-AQLQ: Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire; SF-12: Short Form 12 Health Survey; SNOT-22: Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 22; GINA: The Global Initiative for Asthma; CRP: C-reactive Protein; Hgb:Hemoglobin count; EOS: Eosinophil count; EVH: Eucapnic Voluntary Hyperventilation; FeNO: Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide; PA: Physical Activity ERS: European Respiratory Society; ATS: American Thoracic Society; CRS: Chronic Rhinosinusitis; AHR: Airway Hyperresponsiveness