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© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Essential oils (EOs) are volatile natural organic compounds, which possess pesticidal properties. However, they are vulnerable to heat and light, limiting their range of applications. Encapsulation of EOs is a useful approach to overcome some of these limitations. In this study, a novel emulsification technique is utilized for encapsulation of thymol (TY) and eugenol (EU) (EOs) within microcapsules with an unmodified cellulose shell. Use of low cost materials and processes can be beneficial in agricultural applications. In the encapsulation process, unmodified cellulose was dissolved in 7% aqueous NaOH at low temperature, regenerated to form a dispersion of cellulose hydrogels, which was rigorously mixed with the EOs by mechanical mixing followed by high-pressure homogenization (HPH). Cellulose:EO ratios of 1:1 and 1:8 utilizing homogenization pressures of 5000, 10,000 and 20,000 psi applied in a microfluidizer were studied. Light microscopy, high-resolution cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed successful fabrication of EO-loaded capsules in size range of 1 to ~8 µm. Stability analyses showed highly stabilized oil in water (O/W) emulsions with instability index close to 0. The emulsions exhibited anti-mold activity in post-harvest alfalfa plants, with potency affected by the cellulose:EO ratio as well as the EO type; TY showed the highest anti-mold activity. Taken together, this study showed potential for anti-fungal activity of cellulose-encapsulated EOs in post-harvest hay.

Details

Title
Encapsulation of Thymol and Eugenol Essential Oils Using Unmodified Cellulose: Preparation and Characterization
Author
Shlosman, Koranit 1 ; Rein, Dmitry M 2 ; Shemesh, Rotem 3 ; Na’ama Koifman 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Caspi, Ayelet 4 ; Cohen, Yachin 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 The Interdepartmental Program in Polymer Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; R&D and Customer Service Department Carmel Olefins Ltd., Haifa 31014, Israel 
 Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel 
 R&D and Customer Service Department Carmel Olefins Ltd., Haifa 31014, Israel 
 Tama Group, Kibbutz Mishmar Ha’emek 1923600, Israel 
First page
95
Publication year
2023
Publication date
2023
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20734360
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2761194269
Copyright
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.