Abstract

Context

Ocimum sanctum Linn (Labiatae) (OS), Zingiber officinale Rose (Zingiberaceae) (ZO), and Piper nigrum Linn (Piperaceae) (PN) are used in traditional medicine as immunomodulator, anti-inflammatory, and bioavailability enhancer agents.

Objective

Active phytoconstituents of OS, ZO, PN hydro-alcoholic extracts and their effects on gut microbiota, basal inflammation and lipid profile were investigated in rats.

Materials and methods

Active phytoconstituents of extracts were analysed using HPLC and GC-MS. SD rats were supplemented with individual/combined extracts (OS-850; ZO-500; PN-100 mg/kg Bw) and Fructooligosaccharide (standard prebiotic-5g/kg-Bw), orally for 30 days. Haematology, lipid profile, LPS, CRP, IL-6, insulin and histology of vital organs were analysed. Caecal bacterial levels were assessed by RT-PCR.

Results

High content of phenolic compounds luteolin-7-O-glucoside (430 ± 2.3 mg/100g), gallic acid (84.13 ± 1.2 mg/100 g) and flavones (88.18 ± 1.8 mg/100 g) were found in OS, ZO, and PN, respectively. Combined extract was rich in luteolin-7-O-glucoside (266.0 ± 1.80 mg/100 g). Essential oils including methyleugenol (13.96%), 6-shogaol (11.00%), piperine (18.26%), and cyclopentasiloxane (10.06%) were higher in OS, ZO, PN and combined extract. Higher levels of caecal Lactobacillus (1.7–3.4-fold), Bifidobacterium (5.89-28.4-fold), and lower levels of Firmicutes (0.04–0.91-fold), Bacteroides (0.69–0.88-fold) were noted among extracts and FOS supplemented rats. Significant (p < 0.05) decrease in plasma lipid profile and LPS was noted in all supplemented rats.

Discussion and conclusions

The current study could be first of its kind in exploring prebiotic potential of OS, ZO, PN and their effect on native gut bacterial population.

Details

Title
Ocimum sanctum, Zingiber officinale, and Piper nigrum extracts and their effects on gut microbiota modulations (prebiotic potential), basal inflammatory markers and lipid levels: oral supplementation study in healthy rats
Author
Narendra Babu Kondapalli 1 ; Hemalatha, Rajkumar 1 ; Uppala, Satyanarayana 2 ; Srinivas Reddy Yathapu 1 ; Shujauddin Mohammed 1 ; Surekha, Mullapudi Venkata 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Rajendran, Ananthan 4 ; Bharadwaj, Dinesh Kumar 5 

1  Department of Microbiology & Immunology, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India 
2  Dr. Pinnamaneni, Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India 
3  Department of Pathology, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India 
4  Food Chemistry Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India 
5  Food and Drug Toxicology department, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India 
Pages
437-450
Publication year
2022
Publication date
Dec 2022
Publisher
Taylor & Francis Ltd.
ISSN
13880209
e-ISSN
17445116
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2022.2033797
ProQuest document ID
2761422973
Copyright
© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.