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Abstract
The zizphus seeds are considered as a biomaterial residues that has been used for removing of organic industrial waste such as 2-((10-octyl-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-yl) methylene) malononitrile (PTZS-CN) dye from aqueous solutions utilizing graphene oxide-Ziziphus (GO-Ziziphus). A batch study explored the impacts of various experimental circumstances, including solution pH, initial dye concentration, temperature, and contact time. General order, nonlinear pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order, elvoich model and intraparticiple diffusion were utilized to analyze the kinetic data. The adsorption kinetics of dye onto GO-ziziphus adsorption was best mentioned by nonlinear pseudo-first order. Similarly, the intra-particle diffusion plots revealed one exponential line throughout the adsorption process. The Freundlich, Dubinin-Radushkevich, and Langmuir models were employed to examine isothermal data. It provided the best fit of the dye adsorption isothermal data onto GO-ziziphus Freundlich models. Besides, the calculated free energies showed that the adsorption progression was physical adsorption. Thermodynamic calculations revealed that dye adsorption onto GO-ziziphus was exothermic and spontaneous. The combined results indicated that GO-ziziphus powder might be used to treat dye-rich wastewater effectively.
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1 King Khalid University, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Abha, Saudi Arabia (GRID:grid.412144.6) (ISNI:0000 0004 1790 7100); King Khalid University, Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS.), Abha, Saudi Arabia (GRID:grid.412144.6) (ISNI:0000 0004 1790 7100); King Khalid University, Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, Abha, Saudi Arabia (GRID:grid.412144.6) (ISNI:0000 0004 1790 7100)
2 King Khalid University, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Abha, Saudi Arabia (GRID:grid.412144.6) (ISNI:0000 0004 1790 7100)
3 King Abdulaziz University, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (GRID:grid.412125.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 0619 1117); Textile Research Division, National Research Center, Dyeing, Printing and Textile Auxiliaries Department, Dokki, Egypt (GRID:grid.419725.c) (ISNI:0000 0001 2151 8157)
4 King Khalid University, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Abha, Saudi Arabia (GRID:grid.412144.6) (ISNI:0000 0004 1790 7100); Al-Azhar University, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut, Egypt (GRID:grid.411303.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 2155 6022)
5 King Khalid University, Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS.), Abha, Saudi Arabia (GRID:grid.412144.6) (ISNI:0000 0004 1790 7100); King Khalid University, Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, Abha, Saudi Arabia (GRID:grid.412144.6) (ISNI:0000 0004 1790 7100); Applied College, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia (GRID:grid.412144.6) (ISNI:0000 0004 1790 7100)