Abstract

Background:

Understanding the characteristics of newly diagnosed primary human deficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection in the context of the post-antiretroviral therapy era and HIV drug prophylaxis is essential for achieving the new target of 95-95-95-95 by 2025. This study reported the characteristics of newly diagnosed primary HIV-1 infection in Shenzhen.

Methods:

This is a real-world retrospective study. Eighty-seven newly diagnosed primary HIV-1-infected patients were recruited from January 2021 to March 2022 at the Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen. Demographic, epidemiological, diagnostic, drug resistance, and medical data were described and analyzed.

Results:

Overall, 96.6% (84/87) of the newly identified primary HIV-1-infected patients were male, including 88.5% (77/87) men have sex with men (MSM), with a median age of 29.0 years (Q1–Q3: 24.0–34.0 years); of these, 85.1% (74/87) reported high-risk sexual behaviors with casual partners. The rate of condom usage was only 28.7% (25/87). The overall rate of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) was 8.0% (7/87, including 4 PrEP and 3 PEP cases) around the potential exposure, although 41.4% of the patients had prior awareness of such interventions. Moreover, only 19.5% (17/87) had previously used PrEP or PEP. Of those, 58.8% (10/17) of the patients obtained drugs from the internet, and only 35.3% (6/17) reported good compliance. A total of 54.0% (47/87) of subjects were diagnosed by the HIV nucleic acid test. Acute retroviral syndrome appeared in 54.0% (47/87) of patients. The prevalence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) mutation was 33.9% (19/56), including 6 (10.7%) against nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) plus non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), 8 (14.3%) against NNRTI, and 5 (8.9%) against protease inhibitor (PI) only.

Conclusions:

Owing to the low utilization rate and incorrect usage of PrEP and PEP, massive efforts are needed to promote HIV-preventive strategies in the MSM population. The extremely high prevalence of TDR mutation in this population implies the need for future pretreatment drug resistance surveillance.

Details

Title
Low rate of pre-exposure prophylaxis and post-exposure prophylaxis uptake and high prevalence of transmitted drug resistance among newly diagnosed primary HIV infections in Shenzhen, China: a real-world retrospective study
Author
Peng Qiaoli 1 ; Liu, Xiaoning 2 ; Tang, Xian 1 ; Zhang Qiuyue 1 ; Zhao, Jin 3 ; Zheng Chenli 3 ; Zhao, Fang 1 ; Zhou, Yang 1 ; Zhang Lukun 1 ; Sun, Liqin 1 ; Zhang, Haitao 1 ; Jia Xinyun 1 ; Song, Ying 1 ; Cao Tingzhi 1 ; Wang, Siyuan 1 ; Rao, Man 1 ; Chen, Zhiwei 4 ; Wang, Hui 1 ; He, Yun 1 

 National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, HKU AIDS Institute Shenzhen Research Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen and The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518112, China 
 National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, HKU AIDS Institute Shenzhen Research Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen and The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518112, China; National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom 
 Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518073, China 
 National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, HKU AIDS Institute Shenzhen Research Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen and The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518112, China; Department of Microbiology, AIDS Institute, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China 
Pages
2730-2737
Section
Original Articles
Publication year
2022
Publication date
Nov 2022
Publisher
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Ovid Technologies
ISSN
03666999
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2771035328
Copyright
Copyright © 2022 The Chinese Medical Association, produced by Wolters Kluwer, Inc. under the CC-BY-NC-ND license. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.