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Abstract
The single and comparative intradermal tuberculin tests (SITT and CITT) are official in vivo tests for bovine tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis using bovine and avian purified protein derivatives (PPD-B and PPD-A). Infection with bacteria other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) can result in nonspecific reactions to these tests. We evaluated the performance of the skin test with PPDs and new defined antigens in the guinea pig model. A standard dose (SD) of Rhodococcus equi, Nocardia sp., M. nonchromogenicum, M. monacense, M. intracellulare, M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis, M. avium subsp. avium, M. avium subsp. hominissuis, M. scrofulaceum, M. persicum, M. microti, M. caprae and M. bovis, and a higher dose (HD) of M. nonchromogenicum, M. monacense, M. intracellulare, M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis were tested using PPD-B, PPD-A, P22, ESAT-6-CFP-10-Rv3615c peptide cocktail long (PCL) and fusion protein (FP). The SD of R. equi, Nocardia sp., M. nonchromogenicum, M. monacense, M. intracellulare and M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis did not cause any reactions. The HD of M. nonchromogenicum, M. monacense, M. intracellulare, and M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis and the SD of M. avium subsp. hominissuis, M. scrofulaceum and M. persicum, caused nonspecific reactions (SIT). A CITT interpretation would have considered M. avium complex and M. scrofulaceum groups negative, but not all individuals from M. nonchromogenicum HD, M. monacense HD and M. persicum SD groups. Only animals exposed to M. bovis and M. caprae reacted to PCL and FP. These results support the advantage of complementing or replacing PPD-B to improve specificity without losing sensitivity.
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1 Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Departamento de Sanidad Animal, NEIKER-Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, Derio, Spain
2 Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Bellaterra, Spain (GRID:grid.7080.f) (ISNI:0000 0001 2296 0625); Campus de la UAB, Unitat Mixta d’investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, CReSA, Bellaterra, Spain (GRID:grid.7080.f) (ISNI:0000 0001 2296 0625)
3 Université Paris-Est, Laboratoire de Santé Animale, Unité Zoonoses Bactériennes, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du Travail (ANSES), Maisons-Alfort, France (GRID:grid.410511.0) (ISNI:0000 0001 2149 7878)
4 Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Centro de Vigilancia Sanitaria Veterinaria (VISAVET), Madrid, Spain (GRID:grid.4795.f) (ISNI:0000 0001 2157 7667); Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Madrid, Spain (GRID:grid.4795.f) (ISNI:0000 0001 2157 7667)
5 Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Department of Bacteriology, Surrey, UK (GRID:grid.422685.f) (ISNI:0000 0004 1765 422X)
6 Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Departamento de Sanidad Animal, NEIKER-Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, Derio, Spain (GRID:grid.422685.f)