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Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is a nosocomial pathogen causing difficult-to-treat infections. The presence of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance of 109 KP isolates from hospitalized patients were investigated. Among them, 68.8% were multi-drug resistant (MDR) and 59.6% produced extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamases (ESBLs). Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) were produced by 22% of isolates (mainly from anus), including 16.5% of isolates producing New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1). The genes encoding adhesins (fimH—91.7%, mrkD—96.3%), enterobactin (entB—100%) and yersiniabactin (irp-1—88%) were frequently identified. The genes encoding salmochelin (iroD—9.2%, iroN—7.3%) and colibactin (clbA, clbB—0.9%) were identified rarely. Iron acquisition system-related kfu gene and wcaG gene involved in capsule production were identified in 6.4% and 11% of isolates, respectively. The rmpA gene associated with hypermucoviscosity was present in 6.4% of isolates. In 19.2% of isolates magA gene was detected, specific for K1 capsule serotype, while 22.9% of isolates showed K2 capsule serotype. The rmpA, iroD or iroN genes being diagnostic biomarkers for hypervirulent KP (hvKP) were detected in 16.5% of isolates. We found that 55.5% of hvKP were MDR and produced ESBLs, thus hospital KP isolates pose a serious threat to the healthcare system.
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Details
1 Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, Siedlce, Poland (GRID:grid.412732.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2358 9581)
2 Gdańsk University of Technology, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk, Poland (GRID:grid.6868.0) (ISNI:0000 0001 2187 838X)
3 Our Lady of Perpetual Help Hospital, Medical Microbiological Laboratory, Wołomin, Poland (GRID:grid.412732.1)
4 Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Institute of Agriculture and Horticulture, Faculty of Agrobioengineering and Animal Husbandry, Siedlce, Poland (GRID:grid.412732.1) (ISNI:0000 0001 2358 9581)
5 Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Department of Ichthyology and Biotechnology in Aquaculture, Institute of Animal Science, Warsaw, Poland (GRID:grid.13276.31) (ISNI:0000 0001 1955 7966)