Abstract

Omicron spike (S) encoding vaccines as boosters, are a potential strategy to improve COVID-19 vaccine efficacy against Omicron. Here, macaques (mostly females) previously immunized with Ad26.COV2.S, are boosted with Ad26.COV2.S, Ad26.COV2.S.529 (encoding Omicron BA.1 S) or a 1:1 combination of both vaccines. All booster vaccinations elicit a rapid antibody titers increase against WA1/2020 and Omicron S. Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 antibody responses are most effectively boosted by vaccines including Ad26.COV2.S.529. Independent of vaccine used, mostly WA1/2020-reactive or WA1/2020-Omicron BA.1 cross-reactive B cells are detected. Ad26.COV2.S.529 containing boosters provide only slightly higher protection of the lower respiratory tract against Omicron BA.1 challenge compared with Ad26.COV2.S-only booster. Antibodies and cellular immune responses are identified as complementary correlates of protection. Overall, a booster with an Omicron-spike based vaccine provide only moderately improved immune responses and protection compared with the original Wuhan-Hu-1-spike based vaccine, which still provide robust immune responses and protection against Omicron.

Variant booster vaccines are a strategy to improve protection against SARS-CoV-2. Here, the authors find that both Wuhan-Hu-1-based Ad26.COV2.S or an Omicron-adapted booster vaccine provide robust immune responses and protection against Omicron in NHP.

Details

Title
Booster with Ad26.COV2.S or Omicron-adapted vaccine enhanced immunity and efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron in macaques
Author
Solforosi, Laura 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Costes, Lea M. M. 1 ; Tolboom, Jeroen T. B. M. 1 ; McMahan, Katherine 2 ; Anioke, Tochi 2 ; Hope, David 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Murdza, Tetyana 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Sciacca, Michaela 2 ; Bouffard, Emily 2 ; Barrett, Julia 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Wu, Cindy 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Hachmann, Nicole 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Miller, Jessica 2 ; Yu, Jingyou 2 ; He, Xuan 2 ; Jacob-Dolan, Catherine 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Huber, Sietske K. Rosendahl 1 ; Dekking, Liesbeth 1 ; Chamanza, Ronnie 3 ; Choi, Ying 1 ; Boer, Karin Feddes-de 1 ; Barouch, Dan H. 4   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Schuitemaker, Hanneke 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Zahn, Roland C. 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Wegmann, Frank 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

1  Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V., Leiden, Netherlands (GRID:grid.497529.4) (ISNI:0000 0004 0625 7026) 
2  Harvard Medical School, Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA (GRID:grid.38142.3c) (ISNI:000000041936754X) 
3  Janssen Research and Development, Non-Clinical Safety Toxicology/Pathology, Beerse, Belgium (GRID:grid.419619.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 0623 0341) 
4  Harvard Medical School, Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA (GRID:grid.38142.3c) (ISNI:000000041936754X); Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, USA (GRID:grid.461656.6) (ISNI:0000 0004 0489 3491); Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (GRID:grid.38142.3c) (ISNI:000000041936754X); Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness, Boston, USA (GRID:grid.38142.3c) (ISNI:000000041936754X) 
Pages
1944
Publication year
2023
Publication date
2023
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
20411723
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-37715-2
ProQuest document ID
2797467587
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2023. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.