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Abstract
This study aimed to examine occupational radiation exposure to the lens of the eyes during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). In this multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study, we collected data regarding occupational radiation exposure to the lens of the eyes during ERCP. We measured radiation exposure of patients and examined its correlation with occupational exposure. In dosimetrically-measured ERCPs (n = 631), the median air kerma at the patient entrance reference point, air kerma-area product, and fluoroscopy time were 49.6 mGy, 13.5 Gycm2, and 10.9 min, respectively. The median estimated annual radiation dose to the lens of the eyes was 3.7, 2.2, and 2.4 mSv for operators, assistants, and nurses, respectively. Glass badge over lead aprons and eye dosimeter results were similar in operators but differed in assistants and nurses. A strong correlation was shown between eye dosimeter measurements and patients' radiation exposure. The shielding rates of the lead glasses were 44.6%, 66.3%, and 51.7% for operators, assistants, and nurses, respectively. This study revealed the actual occupational exposure dose for the lens of the eyes during ERCP and the efficacy of lead glass. Values of radiation exposure to patients can help estimate exposure to the lens of the eyes of medical staff.
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1 Osaka International Cancer Institute, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, Osaka, Japan (GRID:grid.489169.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 8511 4444)
2 Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka, Japan (GRID:grid.417245.1) (ISNI:0000 0004 1774 8664); Hayashi Clinic, Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, Suita, Japan (GRID:grid.417245.1)
3 Kindai University, Osaka-Sayama, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan (GRID:grid.258622.9) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9967)
4 Osaka General Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka, Japan (GRID:grid.416948.6) (ISNI:0000 0004 1764 9308)
5 Suita Municipal Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Suita, Japan (GRID:grid.416694.8) (ISNI:0000 0004 1772 1154)
6 Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka, Japan (GRID:grid.417245.1) (ISNI:0000 0004 1774 8664)
7 Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Department of Radiology, Osaka, Japan (GRID:grid.258622.9) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9967)