Investigating the performance of ternary cementitious systems incorporating wollastonite powder and lime sludge in concrete

Abstract

The production of cement results in a significant amount of energy consumption and CO₂ emissions, which are major contributors to environmental pollution. Researchers have developed a ternary blended mix concrete to address these concerns by partially substituting cement with a combination of lime sludge (LS) and wollastonite powder (WP). This study investigated the mechanical properties (compressive strength, spilt tensile strength, and flexural strength) of a ternary blended concrete mix with a grade of M30. 180 specimens, including 60 cubes, 60 cylinders, and 60 prisms, were prepared for testing. The blended concrete mix was produced using different percentages of cement replacement by LS (5%, 10%, 15%) and WP (10%, 15%, 20%). The compressive strength for the ternary mix at 10% LS and 15% WP was 44.78% higher than the conventional mix, the flexural strength ternary mix at 10% LS and 15% WP was 25.46% higher than the conventional mix, and spilt tensile strength ternary mix at 10% LS, and 15% WP was 27.30% higher than the conventional mix at 28 days and trend is almost same for 7,56 and 90 days . The results showed that a ternary mix containing 75% cement, 10% LS, and 15% WP exhibited the best mechanical properties.