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Abstract
According to recent reports, planar structure-based organometallic perovskite solar cells (OPSCs) have achieved remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE), making them very competitive with the more traditional silicon photovoltaics. A complete understanding of OPSCs and their individual parts is still necessary for further enhancement in PCE. In this work, indium sulfide (In2S3)-based planar heterojunction OPSCs were proposed and simulated with the SCAPS (a Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator)-1D programme. Initially, OPSC performance was calibrated with the experimentally fabricated architecture (FTO/In2S3/MAPbI3/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au) to evaluate the optimum parameters of each layer. The numerical calculations showed a significant dependence of PCE on the thickness and defect density of the MAPbI3 absorber material. The results showed that as the perovskite layer thickness increased, the PCE improved gradually but subsequently reached a maximum at thicknesses greater than 500 nm. Moreover, parameters involving the series resistance as well as the shunt resistance were recognized to affect the performance of the OPSC. Most importantly, a champion PCE of over 20% was yielded under the optimistic simulation conditions. Overall, the OPSC performed better between 20 and 30 °C, and its efficiency rapidly decreases above that temperature.
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1 Cornell University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ithaca, USA (GRID:grid.5386.8) (ISNI:000000041936877X)
2 University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq (GRID:grid.513648.d) (ISNI:0000 0004 7642 4328)
3 Al-Iraqia University, Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Baghdad, Iraq (GRID:grid.444971.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 6023 831X)
4 GLA University, Solar Lab, Mathura, India (GRID:grid.448881.9) (ISNI:0000 0004 1774 2318)
5 Al-Bayan University, Technical College of Engineering, Baghdad, Iraq (GRID:grid.448881.9)
6 INTI International University, Faculty of Data Science & Information Technology, Nilai, Malaysia (GRID:grid.444479.e) (ISNI:0000 0004 1792 5384)
7 University of Technology-Iraq, Applied Sciences Department, Baghdad, Iraq (GRID:grid.444967.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 0618 8761)
8 Chitkara University, VLSI Centre of Excellence, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Rajpura, India (GRID:grid.428245.d) (ISNI:0000 0004 1765 3753)
9 King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia (GRID:grid.412135.0) (ISNI:0000 0001 1091 0356); King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia (GRID:grid.412135.0) (ISNI:0000 0001 1091 0356)
10 Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Institute of Electronics. Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Dhaka, Bangladesh (GRID:grid.466515.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 0744 4550)