Abstract
Bacterial transmission is considered one of the potential risks for communicable diseases, requiring promising antibiotics. Traditional drugs possess a limited spectrum of effectiveness, and their frequent administration reduces effectiveness and develops resistivity. In such a situation, we are left with the option of developing novel antibiotics with higher efficiency. In this regard, nanoparticles (NPs) may play a pivotal role in managing such medical situations due to their distinct physiochemical characteristics and impressive biocompatibility. Metallic NPs are found to possess extraordinary antibacterial effects that are useful in vitro as well as in vivo as self-modified therapeutic agents. Due to their wide range of antibacterial efficacy, they have potential therapeutic applications via diverse antibacterial routes. NPs not only restrict the development of bacterial resistance, but they also broaden the scope of antibacterial action without binding the bacterial cell directly to a particular receptor with promising effectiveness against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbes. This review aimed at exploring the most relevant types of metal NPs employed as antimicrobial agents, particularly those based on Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, and Zn metals, and their antimicrobial mechanisms. Further, the challenges and future prospects of NPs in biological applications are also discussed.
You have requested "on-the-fly" machine translation of selected content from our databases. This functionality is provided solely for your convenience and is in no way intended to replace human translation. Show full disclaimer
Neither ProQuest nor its licensors make any representations or warranties with respect to the translations. The translations are automatically generated "AS IS" and "AS AVAILABLE" and are not retained in our systems. PROQUEST AND ITS LICENSORS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ANY AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES FOR AVAILABILITY, ACCURACY, TIMELINESS, COMPLETENESS, NON-INFRINGMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Your use of the translations is subject to all use restrictions contained in your Electronic Products License Agreement and by using the translation functionality you agree to forgo any and all claims against ProQuest or its licensors for your use of the translation functionality and any output derived there from. Hide full disclaimer
Details
1 Nano-Technology Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Uttar Pradesh, 281406, Mathura, India (GRID: grid.448881.9) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1774 2318)
2 Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, IFTM University, 244102, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India (GRID: grid.464912.c) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1806 3544)
3 Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (GRID: grid.56302.32) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1773 5396)
4 Department of Chemical Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (GRID: grid.412144.6) (ISNI: 0000 0004 1790 7100)
5 Faculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, 462044, Ratibad, Bhopal, India; Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, 64001, Nasiriyah, Iraq (GRID: grid.513203.6)
6 Department of Chemistry, Kansas Polymer Research Center, Pittsburg State University, 66762, Pittsburg, KS, USA (GRID: grid.261915.8) (ISNI: 0000 0001 0700 4555)