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Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is associated with cardiovascular disease in non-diabetic patients. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, incorporating serum glucose and insulin concentrations, is a surrogate insulin resistance marker. We investigated its association with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and sex differences therein. Patients with stable angina pectoris requiring invasive coronary angiography between January 2010 and December 2018 were enrolled. They were divided into two groups according to TyG index. Two interventional cardiologists diagnosed obstructive CAD by angiography review. Demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared between groups. Relative to lower index, patients with higher (≥ 8.60) TyG index had higher BMIs and more prevalent hypertension, diabetes, and elevated lipid profiles [total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), fasting plasma glucose (FPG)]. Higher TyG index increased women’s obstructive CAD risk after multivariate adjustment (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.15, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.08–4.26, p = 0.02) in non-diabetic populations compared with men. No sex difference was found for diabetic patients. Higher TyG index significantly increased the obstructive CAD risk, overall and for non-diabetic women. Larger-scale studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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1 Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Cardiovascular Center, Taichung, Taiwan (GRID:grid.410764.0) (ISNI:0000 0004 0573 0731); National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260539.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 2059 7017); National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260539.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 2059 7017)
2 Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.278247.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 0604 5314); National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260539.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 2059 7017); National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260539.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 2059 7017)
3 Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.278247.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 0604 5314); National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260539.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 2059 7017); National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260539.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 2059 7017); Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.278247.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 0604 5314)
4 National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260539.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 2059 7017); Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.278247.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 0604 5314)
5 Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.278247.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 0604 5314); National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Cardiovascular Research Center, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260539.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 2059 7017); National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260539.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 2059 7017); Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Department of Medical Research, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.278247.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 0604 5314); Taipei Medical University, Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.412896.0) (ISNI:0000 0000 9337 0481); Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Heart Center, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.413846.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 0572 7890)