Abstract
According to World Health Organization (WHO), the vaccines procured the most are Comirnaty (Pfizer BioNTech, America-Germany), Spikevax (Moderna, America), Vaxzevria (AstraZeneca, Britain), Covishield (SII, India), and CoronaVac (Sinovac, China). With up to 37 amino acid mutations on its S protein, the spike protein of the Omicron mutant exhibits a stronger binding ability to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, which explains the potential mechanism underpinning its enhanced infectivity. [...]Omicron is believed to be associated with a higher risk of reinfection and a significantly enhanced immune escape ability, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Notwithstanding the low efficiency of the current vaccines against the novel variant, vaccines seem to have the potential to reduce the severity and death rate in individuals infected with omicron. Previous infections cannot protect individuals from the epidemic due to the constant mutations of the virus. [...]many countries that used to develop herd immunity by the natural infection have now resorted to the weapon of vaccines.
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1 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital The Eighth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100093, China
2 Department of the First Internal Medicine, The Hubei Armed Police Corps Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430061, China
3 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
4 Department of Health Management, The Second Medical Center and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
5 Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, Hollywood, FL 33021, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA