Magnetohydrodynamic double-diffusive peristaltic flow of radiating fourth-grade nanofluid through a porous medium with viscous dissipation and heat generation/absorption

Abstract

This article focuses on determining how to double diffusion affects the non-Newtonian fourth-grade nanofluids peristaltic motion within a symmetrical vertical elastic channel supported by a suitable porous medium as well as, concentrating on the impact of a few significant actual peculiarities on the development of the peristaltic liquid, such as rotation, initial pressure, non-linear thermal radiation, heat generation/absorption in the presence of viscous dissipation and joule heating with noting that the fluid inside the channel is subject to an externally induced magnetic field, giving it electromagnetic properties. Moreover, the constraints of the long-wavelength approximation and neglecting the wave number along with the low Reynolds number have been used to transform the nonlinear partial differential equations in two dimensions into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations in one dimension, which serve as the basic governing equations for fluid motion. The suitable numerical method for solving the new system of ordinary differential equations is the Runge–Kutta fourth-order numerical method with the shooting technique using the code MATLAB program. Using this code, a 2D and 3D graphical analysis was done to show how each physical parameter affected the distributions of axial velocity, temperature, nanoparticle volume fraction, solutal concentration, pressure gradients, induced magnetic field, magnetic forces, and finally the trapping phenomenon. Under the influence of rotation $\mathrm{\Omega }$, heat Grashof number ${\mathit{Gr}}_t$, solutal Grashof number ${\mathit{Gr}}_t$, and initial stress $P^{\ast }$, the axial velocity distribution $u$ changes from increasing to decreasing, according to some of the study’s findings. On the other hand, increasing values of nonlinear thermal radiation $R$ and temperature ratio ${\theta }_w$ have a negative impact on the temperature distribution $\theta$ but a positive impact on the distributions of nanoparticle volume fraction $\mathrm{\Phi }$ and solutal concentration $\gamma$. Darcy number $\mathit{Da}$ and mean fluid rate $F$ also had a positive effect on the distribution of pressure gradients, making it an increasing function.