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© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a lethal and rare cancer, even if its incidence has continuously increased all over the world. Asbestos exposure leads to the development of mesothelioma through multiple mechanisms, including chronic inflammation, oxidative stress with reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and persistent aberrant signaling. Together, these processes, over the years, force normal mesothelial cells’ transformation. Chronic inflammation supported by “frustrated” macrophages exposed to asbestos fibers is also boosted by the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, damage-associated molecular proteins (DAMPs), and the generation of ROS. In addition, the hypoxic microenvironment influences MPM and immune cells’ features, leading to a significant rewiring of metabolism and phenotypic plasticity, thereby supporting tumor aggressiveness and modulating infiltrating immune cell responses. This review provides an overview of the complex tumor–host interactions within the MPM tumor microenvironment at different levels, i.e., soluble factors, metabolic crosstalk, and oxidative stress, and explains how these players supporting tumor transformation and progression may become potential and novel therapeutic targets in MPM.

Details

Title
Chronic Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Plasticity: Three Players Driving the Pro-Tumorigenic Microenvironment in Malignant Mesothelioma
Author
Fiorilla, Irene 1 ; Martinotti, Simona 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Todesco, Alberto Maria 1 ; Bonsignore, Gregorio 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Cavaletto, Maria 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Patrone, Mauro 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Ranzato, Elia 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Audrito, Valentina 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Department of Science and Technological Innovation (DISIT), University of Eastern Piedmont, 15121 Alessandria, Italy; [email protected] (I.F.); [email protected] (S.M.); [email protected] (A.M.T.); [email protected] (G.B.); [email protected] (M.P.); [email protected] (E.R.); Department of Integrated Activities Research and Innovation (DAIRI), Public Hospital Azienda Ospedaliera “SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo”, 15121 Alessandria, Italy 
 Department for Sustainable Development and Ecological Transition (DISSTE), University of Eastern Piedmont, 13100 Vercelli, Italy; [email protected] 
First page
2048
Publication year
2023
Publication date
2023
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20734409
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2856883296
Copyright
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.