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Abstract
This study presents novel insight into the mechanisms of Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) reduction and its recovery under a warmer climate scenario. An one-thousand-year-long numerical simulation of a global coupled ocean–ice–atmosphere climate model, subjected to a stationary atmospheric radiative forcing, depict a coherent picture of the Arctic sea ice melting as a trigger for the initial AMOC reduction, along with decreases in the northward fluxes of salt and heat. Further atmospheric-driven ocean processes contribute to an erosion of the stable stratification of the fresher, yet colder waters in the surface layers of the North Atlantic, contributing to the recovery of a permanently altered AMOC.
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Details
1 National Institute for Space Research (INPE), Center for Weather Forecasting and Climate Studies (CPTEC), Cachoeira Paulista, Brazil (GRID:grid.419222.e) (ISNI:0000 0001 2116 4512)
2 Nanjing University, School of Atmospheric Sciences and Key Laboratory of Mesoscale Severe Weather/Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China (GRID:grid.41156.37) (ISNI:0000 0001 2314 964X)
3 Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Institute of Physics, Campo Grande, Brazil (GRID:grid.412352.3) (ISNI:0000 0001 2163 5978)
4 University of São Paulo, Institute for Advanced Studies, São Paulo, Brazil (GRID:grid.11899.38) (ISNI:0000 0004 1937 0722)