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Abstract
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development sets out, through 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a path for the prosperity of people and the planet. SDG 3 in particular aims to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages and includes several targets to enhance health. This review presents a “headache-tailored” perspective on how to achieve SDG 3 by focusing on six specific actions: targeting chronic headaches; reducing the overuse of acute pain-relieving medications; promoting the education of healthcare professionals; granting access to medication in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC); implementing training and educational opportunities for healthcare professionals in low and middle income countries; building a global alliance against headache disorders. Addressing the burden of headache disorders directly impacts on populations’ health, as well as on the possibility to improve the productivity of people aged below 50, women in particular. Our analysis pointed out several elements, and included: moving forward from frequency-based parameters to define headache severity; recognizing and managing comorbid diseases and risk factors; implementing a disease management multi-modal management model that incorporates pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments; early recognizing and managing the overuse of acute pain-relieving medications; promoting undergraduate, postgraduate, and continuing medical education of healthcare professionals with specific training on headache; and promoting a culture that favors the recognition of headaches as diseases with a neurobiological basis, where this is not yet recognized. Making headache care more sustainable is an achievable objective, which will require multi-stakeholder collaborations across all sectors of society, both health-related and not health-related. Robust investments will be needed; however, considering the high prevalence of headache disorders and the associated disability, these investments will surely improve multiple health outcomes and lift development and well-being globally.
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1 Sapienza University, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Rome, Italy (GRID:grid.7841.a)
2 Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Neurology, Public Health and Disability Unit, Milan, Italy (GRID:grid.417894.7) (ISNI:0000 0001 0707 5492)
3 University of Copenhagen, Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark (GRID:grid.5254.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 0674 042X)
4 John Hedley-Whyte Professor of Anesthesia and Neuroscience at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA (GRID:grid.239395.7) (ISNI:0000 0000 9011 8547)
5 Hallym University College of Medicine, Military Hospital, Department of Neurology, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Korea (GRID:grid.488450.5) (ISNI:0000 0004 1790 2596)
6 37 Military Hospital, Accra, Ghana (GRID:grid.460805.f)
7 Mayo Clinic, Department of Neurology, Scottsdale, USA (GRID:grid.66875.3a) (ISNI:0000 0004 0459 167X)
8 Hospital da Luz Lisboa., Neurology Department, Hospital da Luz Headache Center, Lisbon, Portugal (GRID:grid.414429.e) (ISNI:0000 0001 0163 5700); Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health, Lisbon, Portugal (GRID:grid.7831.d) (ISNI:0000 0001 0410 653X)
9 Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Neuroalgology Unit and Headache Center, Milan, Italy (GRID:grid.417894.7) (ISNI:0000 0001 0707 5492)
10 Koventhospital Barmherzige Brüder Linz, Department of Neurology and Stroke Unit, Linz, Austria (GRID:grid.440123.0) (ISNI:0000 0004 1768 658X); Headache Medical Center Linz, Linz, Austria (GRID:grid.440123.0)
11 Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Division of Vascular Medicine and Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rotterdam, Netherlands (GRID:grid.5645.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 0459 992X)
12 NYU Langone Health, Department of Neurology, New York, USA (GRID:grid.240324.3) (ISNI:0000 0001 2109 4251)
13 National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1st Neurology Department, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, Athens, Greece (GRID:grid.5216.0) (ISNI:0000 0001 2155 0800)
14 University of Ibadan, Faculty of Clinical Sciences; Center for Genomic and Precision Medicine, College of Medicine,, Ibadan, Nigeria (GRID:grid.9582.6) (ISNI:0000 0004 1794 5983)
15 Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany (GRID:grid.6363.0) (ISNI:0000 0001 2218 4662); Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany (GRID:grid.412469.c) (ISNI:0000 0000 9116 8976)
16 European Migraine and Headache Alliance, Brussels, Belgium (GRID:grid.412469.c)
17 University of L‘Aquila, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, L‘Aquila, Italy (GRID:grid.158820.6) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 2611)
18 University of Genoa, Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, Genoa, Italy (GRID:grid.5606.5) (ISNI:0000 0001 2151 3065); IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy (GRID:grid.410345.7) (ISNI:0000 0004 1756 7871)
19 Surya Neuro Centre Mumbai, Mumbai, India (GRID:grid.410345.7)
20 University of Pavia, Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, Pavia, Italy (GRID:grid.8982.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 1762 5736); IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Headache Science and Neurorehabilitation Center, Pavia, Italy (GRID:grid.419416.f) (ISNI:0000 0004 1760 3107)
21 Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.260539.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 2059 7017); Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Department of Neurology, The Neurological Institute, Taipei, Taiwan (GRID:grid.278247.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 0604 5314)
22 Capital Medical University, Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, China (GRID:grid.24696.3f) (ISNI:0000 0004 0369 153X)
23 Department of Neurology, Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Australia (GRID:grid.490467.8) (ISNI:0000 0004 0577 6836)