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Abstract
The regional integrity of brain subcortical structures has been implicated in sleep–wake regulation, however, their associations with sleep parameters remain largely unexplored. Here, we assessed association between quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (qMRI)-derived marker of the myelin content of the brainstem and the variability in the sleep electrophysiology in a large sample of 18-to-31 years healthy young men (N = 321; ~ 22 years). Separate Generalized Additive Model for Location, Scale and Shape (GAMLSS) revealed that sleep onset latency and slow wave energy were significantly associated with MTsat estimates in the brainstem (pcorrected ≤ 0.03), with overall higher MTsat value associated with values reflecting better sleep quality. The association changed with age, however (MTsat-by-age interaction—pcorrected ≤ 0.03), with higher MTsat value linked to better values in the two sleep metrics in the younger individuals of our sample aged ~ 18 to 20 years. Similar associations were detected across different parts of the brainstem (pcorrected ≤ 0.03), suggesting that the overall maturation and integrity of the brainstem was associated with both sleep metrics. Our results suggest that myelination of the brainstem nuclei essential to regulation of sleep is associated with inter-individual differences in sleep characteristics during early adulthood. They may have implications for sleep disorders or neurological diseases related to myelin.
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1 Université de Liège, GIGA-Institute, CRC-In Vivo Imaging Unit, Bâtiment B30, Liège, Belgium (GRID:grid.4861.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 0805 7253)
2 Université de Liège, GIGA-Institute, CRC-In Vivo Imaging Unit, Bâtiment B30, Liège, Belgium (GRID:grid.4861.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 0805 7253); Maastricht University, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Alzheimer Centre Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands (GRID:grid.5012.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 0481 6099)
3 Université de Liège, GIGA-Institute, CRC-In Vivo Imaging Unit, Bâtiment B30, Liège, Belgium (GRID:grid.4861.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 0805 7253); Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Wallonia, Belgium (GRID:grid.509491.0); University of Liège, Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Liège, Belgium (GRID:grid.4861.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 0805 7253)
4 Université de Liège, GIGA-Institute, CRC-In Vivo Imaging Unit, Bâtiment B30, Liège, Belgium (GRID:grid.4861.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 0805 7253); Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Wallonia, Belgium (GRID:grid.509491.0)
5 Physip, Paris, France (GRID:grid.519264.d)
6 Université de Liège, GIGA-Institute, CRC-In Vivo Imaging Unit, Bâtiment B30, Liège, Belgium (GRID:grid.4861.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 0805 7253); University of Liège, Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Liège, Belgium (GRID:grid.4861.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 0805 7253); CHU of Liège, Department of Neurology, Liège, Belgium (GRID:grid.411374.4) (ISNI:0000 0000 8607 6858)
7 Université de Liège, GIGA-Institute, CRC-In Vivo Imaging Unit, Bâtiment B30, Liège, Belgium (GRID:grid.4861.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 0805 7253); University of Liège, Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Liège, Belgium (GRID:grid.4861.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 0805 7253)
8 University of Surrey, Sleep Research Centre, Guildford, UK (GRID:grid.5475.3) (ISNI:0000 0004 0407 4824); University of Surrey, UK Dementia Research Institute, Guildford, UK (GRID:grid.5475.3) (ISNI:0000 0004 0407 4824)
9 Université de Liège, GIGA-Institute, CRC-In Vivo Imaging Unit, Bâtiment B30, Liège, Belgium (GRID:grid.4861.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 0805 7253); University of Liège, In Silico Medicine Unit, GIGA-Institute, Liège, Belgium (GRID:grid.4861.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 0805 7253)
10 Université de Liège, GIGA-Institute, CRC-In Vivo Imaging Unit, Bâtiment B30, Liège, Belgium (GRID:grid.4861.b) (ISNI:0000 0001 0805 7253); Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Wallonia, Belgium (GRID:grid.509491.0); CHU of Liège, Department of Neurology, Liège, Belgium (GRID:grid.411374.4) (ISNI:0000 0000 8607 6858)