Abstract

In December 2022 the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) removed the requirement that drugs in development must undergo animal testing before clinical evaluation, a declaration that now demands the establishment and verification of ex vivo preclinical models that closely represent tumor complexity and that can predict therapeutic response. Fortunately, the emergence of patient-derived organoid (PDOs) culture has enabled the ex vivo mimicking of the pathophysiology of human tumors with the reassembly of tissue-specific features. These features include histopathological variability, molecular expression profiles, genetic and cellular heterogeneity of parental tissue, and furthermore growing evidence suggests the ability to predict patient therapeutic response. Concentrating on the highly lethal and heterogeneous gastrointestinal (GI) tumors, herein we present the state-of-the-art and the current methodology of PDOs. We highlight the potential additions, improvements and testing required to allow the ex vivo of study the tumor microenvironment, as well as offering commentary on the predictive value of clinical response to treatments such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

Details

Title
Advances towards the use of gastrointestinal tumor patient-derived organoids as a therapeutic decision-making tool
Author
Obreque, Javiera; Vergara-Gómez, Luis; Venegas, Nicolás; Weber, Helga; Owen, Gareth I; Pérez-Moreno, Pablo; Leal, Pamela; Roa, Juan Carlos; Bizama, Carolina
Pages
1-27
Section
Review
Publication year
2023
Publication date
2023
Publisher
BioMed Central
ISSN
07169760
e-ISSN
07176287
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2902120882
Copyright
© 2023. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.