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Abstract
Following the development of modern genome sequencing technologies, the investigation of museum osteological finds is increasingly informative and popular. Viable protocols to help preserve these collections from exceedingly invasive analyses, would allow greater access to the specimens for scientific research. The main aim of this work is to survey skeletal tissues, specifically petrous bones and roots of teeth, using infrared spectroscopy as a prescreening method to assess the bone quality for molecular analyses. This approach could overcome the major problem of identifying useful genetic material in archaeological bone collections without resorting to demanding, time consuming and expensive laboratory studies. A minimally invasive sampling of archaeological bones was developed and bone structural and compositional changes were examined, linking isotopic and genetic data to infrared spectra. The predictive model based on Infrared parameters is effective in determining the occurrence of ancient DNA (aDNA); however, the quality/quantity of aDNA cannot be determined because of the influence of environmental and local factors experienced by the examined bones during the burial period.
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1 University of Padova, Department of Geosciences, Padova, Italy (GRID:grid.5608.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 3470); INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Firenze, Italy (GRID:grid.182470.8) (ISNI:0000 0004 8356 2411)
2 University of Padova, Department of Cultural Heritage: Archaeology and History of Art, Cinema and Music, Padova, Italy (GRID:grid.5608.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 3470)
3 Italian National Research Council-CNR, Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, Padova, Italy (GRID:grid.483108.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 0673 3828)
4 Italian National Research Council-CNR, Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy, Padova, Italy (GRID:grid.494519.4)
5 University of Tartu, Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, Tartu, Estonia (GRID:grid.10939.32) (ISNI:0000 0001 0943 7661)
6 University of Padova, Department of Biology, Padova, Italy (GRID:grid.5608.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 3470); University of Torino, Department of Public Health Sciences and Pediatrics, Torino, Italy (GRID:grid.7605.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 2336 6580)
7 University of Tartu, Estonian Biocentre, Institute of Genomics, Tartu, Estonia (GRID:grid.10939.32) (ISNI:0000 0001 0943 7661); University of Padova, Department of Biology, Padova, Italy (GRID:grid.5608.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 3470)
8 University of Padova, Department of Geosciences, Padova, Italy (GRID:grid.5608.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 1757 3470); Italian National Research Council-CNR, Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, Padova, Italy (GRID:grid.483108.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 0673 3828)