Abstract

The analysis of peristaltic-ciliary transport in the human female fallopian tube, specifically in relation to the growing embryo, is a matter of considerable physiological importance. This paper proposes a biomechanical model that incorporates a finite permeable tube consisting of two layers, where the Jeffrey fluid model characterizes the viscoelastic properties of the growing embryo and continuously secreting fluid. Jeffrey fluid entering with some negative pressure gradient forms the core fluid layer while continuously secreting Jeffrey fluid forms the peripheral fluid layer. The resulting partial differential equations are solved for closed-form solutions after employing the assumption of long wavelength. The analysis delineated that increasing the constant secretion velocity, Darcy number, and Reynolds number leads to a decrease in the appropriate residue time of the core fluid layer and a reduction in the size of the secreting fluid bolus in the peripheral fluid layer. Eventually, the boluses completely disappear when the constant secretion velocity exceeds 3.0 Progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) directly regulate the transportation of the growing embryo, while luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin, anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) have an indirect effects. Based on the number and size of blastomeres, the percentage of fragmentation, and the presence of multinucleated blastomeres two groups were formed in an in vitro experiment. Out of 50 patients, 26 (76.5%) were pregnant in a group of the good quality embryos, and only 8 (23.5%) were in a group of the bad quality embryos. The transport of growing embryo in the human fallopian tube and preimplantation development of human embryos in in vitro are constraint by baseline hormones FSH, LH, prolactin, E2, AMH, and TSH.

Details

Title
Analysis of two layered peristaltic-ciliary transport of Jeffrey fluid and in vitro preimplantation embryo development
Author
Ashraf, Hameed 1 ; Siddique, Imran 2 ; Siddiqa, Ayesha 1 ; Tawfiq, Ferdous M. O. 3 ; Tchier, Fairouz 3 ; Zulqarnain, Rana Muhammad 4 ; Rehman, Hamood Ur 1 ; Bhatti, Shahzad 5 ; Rehman, Abida 6 

 University of Okara, Department of Mathematics, Okara, Pakistan (GRID:grid.508556.b) (ISNI:0000 0004 7674 8613) 
 University of Sargodha, Department of Mathematics, Sargodha, Pakistan (GRID:grid.412782.a) (ISNI:0000 0004 0609 4693); University of Management and Technology, Department of Mathematics, Lahore, Pakistan (GRID:grid.444940.9) 
 King Saud University, Mathematics Department, College of Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (GRID:grid.56302.32) (ISNI:0000 0004 1773 5396) 
 Zhejiang Normal University, School of Mathematical Sciences, Jinhua, China (GRID:grid.453534.0) (ISNI:0000 0001 2219 2654) 
 Hameed Latif Hospital, Lahore Institute of Fertility & Endocrinology, Lahore, Pakistan (GRID:grid.508556.b) 
 The University of Child Health and Sciences (Children Hospital), Postgraduate Resident MD Pediatrics, Lahore, Pakistan (GRID:grid.508556.b) 
Pages
1469
Publication year
2024
Publication date
2024
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group
e-ISSN
20452322
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2915820653
Copyright
© The Author(s) 2024. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.