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© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Allantoin possesses numerous beneficial properties for the skin, like anti-irritant effects, wound healing, skin hydration, and epithelization. In this paper, we investigated a suitable preparation method for an allantoin hydrogel using the Semi-Solid Control Diagram (SSCD) method and characterized its rheological and consistency behavior. To accomplish this, xanthan gum (XG) was selected as a model gelling agent. Briefly, four hydrogels were prepared, two without allantoin (coded M01 and M02) and two with allantoin (M1 and M2). Similarly, the formulations were either prepared through magnetic stirring (M01 and M1) or homogenization in a mortar (M02 and M2). The prepared hydrogels were evaluated using the SSCD for specific parameters and indexes. The Good Quality Index (GQI) shows a higher value for the formulation, M1 = 6.27, compared to M2 = 5.45. This result is also underlined by the value of M01 = 6.45, which is higher than M02 = 6.38. Considering the consistency, the formulation M01 possessed the highest spreadability, followed by M02 and then the allantoin hydrogels M1 and M2. The rheological behavior had a thixotropic pseudoplastic flow for all the formulations. The use of SSCD pictographs outlined the rheological properties that need improvement, the method that is suitable to prepare the allantoin hydrogels, and the influence of the allantoin suspended in the XG hydrogel.

Details

Title
Impact of the Preparation Method on the Formulation Properties of Allantoin Hydrogels: Evaluation Using Semi-Solid Control Diagram (SSCD) Principles
Author
Robert-Alexandru Vlad 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Teodora-Cătălina Dudici (Vlăgea) 1 ; Muhammad Ali Syed 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Antonoaea, Paula 1 ; Emöke, Margit Rédai 1 ; Todoran, Nicoleta 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Cornelia-Titiana Cotoi 1 ; Bîrsan, Magdalena 3 ; Ciurba, Adriana 1 

 Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38th Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania 
 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Government College University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan 
 Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Drug Industry and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Grigore T. Popa”, 16 Universităţii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania 
First page
58
Publication year
2024
Publication date
2024
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
23102861
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2918752561
Copyright
© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.