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Copyright © 2024 Tayyaba Rana et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Abstract

Clindamycin phosphate is a topical antibiotic agent used to treat acne vulgaris, while Aloe vera has both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. The current study is aimed at formulating an antiacne gel with antioxidant and antimicrobial effects. The antiacne gels were prepared by using polymer HPMC K15M by cold dispersion method. Unveiling the intricacies of gel design, our research harnessed the power of Design Expert 11 to optimize critical parameters—viscosity, spreadability, and permeability. In vitro characterization tests, including pH, spreadability, viscosity, permeability, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity, and stability of the gels, were performed. The results of in vitro characterization tests showed that the gels had a mint-like odor, a pH of 6.8, and a spreadability of 21.5 g cm/sec. The gels had a viscosity of 34.2 Pa s and drug content ranging within 90%-110%, as per USP standards. Notably, in vitro permeation assays reveal an exceptional 86% drug release, showcasing the efficacy of our formulation. The uniqueness of our study lies not only in the robust optimization process but also in the multifaceted characterization. Our gel emerges as a promising candidate, exhibiting not only desired antimicrobial and antioxidant properties against acne vulgaris but also demonstrating stability under varied conditions. As we advance toward in vivo studies, our research paves the way for a nuanced understanding of the safety and efficacy of this distinctive antiacne gel.

Details

Title
Antiacne Gel Containing Aloe vera and Clindamycin Phosphate: Design, Characterization, and Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology
Author
Rana, Tayyaba 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Zaman, Muhammad 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Mahtab Ahmed Khan 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Abdul Qayyum Khan 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Jamshaid, Muhammad 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Nehal Ahmed Talaat Nouh 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; El-Demerdash, Fatma M 4   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Kamel, Mohamed 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Abdel-Daim, Mohamed M 6   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Albadrani, Ghadeer M 7   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Sumiyya Javaid 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Naeem, Zainab 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, 54000 Lahore, Pakistan 
 School of Pharmacy, University of Management and Technology, 54770 Lahore, Pakistan 
 Department of Microbiology, Medicine Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Inpatient Pharmacy, Mansoura University Hospitals, Mansoura 35516, Egypt 
 Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt 
 Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt 
 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231 Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt 
 Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia 
Editor
Ulrich Maschke
Publication year
2024
Publication date
2024
Publisher
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
ISSN
16879422
e-ISSN
16879430
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
2958097125
Copyright
Copyright © 2024 Tayyaba Rana et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/