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Abstract
Indirect Drive Inertial Confinement Fusion Experiments on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) have achieved a burning plasma state with neutron yields exceeding 170 kJ, roughly 3 times the prior record and a necessary stage for igniting plasmas. The results are achieved despite multiple sources of degradations that lead to high variability in performance. Results shown here, for the first time, include an empirical correction factor for mode-2 asymmetry in the burning plasma regime in addition to previously determined corrections for radiative mix and mode-1. Analysis shows that including these three corrections alone accounts for the measured fusion performance variability in the two highest performing experimental campaigns on the NIF to within error. Here we quantify the performance sensitivity to mode-2 symmetry in the burning plasma regime and apply the results, in the form of an empirical correction to a 1D performance model. Furthermore, we find the sensitivity to mode-2 determined through a series of integrated 2D radiation hydrodynamic simulations to be consistent with the experimentally determined sensitivity only when including alpha-heating.
Recent improvements in the indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion experiments include the achievement of burning plasma state. Here the authors report the scaling of neutron yield in a burning plasma of Deuterium-Tritium fusion reaction by including the mode-2 asymmetry.
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1 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA (GRID:grid.250008.f) (ISNI:0000 0001 2160 9702)
2 Pacific Fusion, Fremont, USA (GRID:grid.250008.f)
3 Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA (GRID:grid.148313.c) (ISNI:0000 0004 0428 3079)
4 Focused Energy, Austin, USA (GRID:grid.455629.9)
5 Laboratoire pour l’utilisation des Lasers Intenses chez École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Cedex, France (GRID:grid.463726.2) (ISNI:0000 0000 9029 5703)
6 University of Rochester, Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, USA (GRID:grid.16416.34) (ISNI:0000 0004 1936 9174)
7 General Atomics, San Diego, USA (GRID:grid.192673.8) (ISNI:0000 0004 0634 455X)
8 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA (GRID:grid.116068.8) (ISNI:0000 0001 2341 2786)
9 SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, USA (GRID:grid.445003.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 0725 7771)
10 Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, UK (GRID:grid.63833.3d) (ISNI:0000 0004 0643 7510)
11 Diamond Materials Gmbh, Freiburg, Germany (GRID:grid.511580.8)
12 Pacific Fusion, Fremont, USA (GRID:grid.511580.8)