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© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Simple Summary

Soil-transmitted helminth parasites are associated with a neglected tropical disease affecting both humans and animals. Proper management of the infection requires an accurate diagnostic technique. Therefore, in an era of STH prevention and control, a new lab-on-a-disc (LoD)-based diagnostic technique called single-image parasite quantification (SIMPAQ) was developed with the ability to focus all STH eggs in an imaging zone, where a digital image can be captured for further processing. This report evaluates the performance of SIMPAQ in terms of prevalence, sensitivity, specificity and predictive values. In this study, a total of 518 animal faeces samples were examined using McMaster, test tube simple flotation, and the LoD technique. The highest prevalence was demonstrated by the LoD technique, which also demonstrated high sensitivity in the detection of STH eggs.

Abstract

Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are caused by roundworms, hookworms, whipworms, and thread worms. Accurate diagnosis is essential for effective treatment, prevention, and control of these infections. This study evaluates a new diagnostic method called Single-image Parasite Quantification (SIMPAQ), which uses a lab-on-a-disc (LoD) technique to isolate STH eggs into a single imaging zone for digital analysis. The study evaluates the purification performance of the SIMPAQ technique for detecting STH eggs in animal samples. This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 237 pigs and 281 dogs in the Morogoro region in Tanzania. Faecal samples were collected and processed with the LoD technique, as well as flotation and McMaster (McM) methods for comparison purposes. The overall prevalence of STH infections was high as per the LoD technique (74%), followed by McM (65.44%) and flotation (65.04%). Moreover, the overall performance of the LoD technique, using McM as the gold standard, was 93.51% (sensitivity), 60.89% (specificity), 81.91% (PPV), and 83.21% (NPV). The LoD technique exhibited high prevalence, sensitivity, and NPV, which demonstrates its value for STH egg detection and its crucial role in the era of accurate STH diagnosis, promoting proper management of the infection.

Details

Title
Evaluation of Lab-on-a-Disc Technique Performance for Soil-Transmitted Helminth Diagnosis in Animals in Tanzania
Author
Rubagumya, Sarah L 1 ; Nzalawahe, Jahashi 2 ; Misinzo, Gerald 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Mazigo, Humphrey D 4 ; Briet, Matthieu 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Misko, Vyacheslav R 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; De Malsche, Wim 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Legein, Filip 5 ; Justine, Nyanda C 4 ; Namanya Basinda 4 ; Mafie, Eliakunda 2 

 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, College of Health and Allied Sciences, St. Joseph University in Tanzania, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 11007, Tanzania 
 Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Parasitology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro P.O. Box 3019, Tanzania; [email protected] (J.N.); [email protected] (G.M.); [email protected] (E.M.) 
 Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Parasitology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro P.O. Box 3019, Tanzania; [email protected] (J.N.); [email protected] (G.M.); [email protected] (E.M.); SACIDS Foundation for One Health, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro P.O. Box 3297, Tanzania 
 Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza P.O. Box 1464, Tanzania; [email protected] (H.D.M.); [email protected] (N.C.J.); [email protected] (N.B.) 
 µFlow Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; [email protected] (M.B.); [email protected] (V.R.M.); [email protected] (F.L.) 
First page
174
Publication year
2024
Publication date
2024
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
23067381
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3047093434
Copyright
© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.