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Abstract
Apis mellifera filamentous virus (AmFV) is a double-stranded DNA virus that infects Apis mellifera bees. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study aiming to detect and analyse the genetic diversity and prevalence of AmFV in Korean honeybee colonies. Phylogenetic analysis based on baculovirus repeat open reading frame–N gene (Bro–N) sequences revealed that AmFV isolates from the Republic of Korea (ROK) fell into two distinct lineages, with genetic origins in Switzerland and China, with nucleotide similarities of 98.3% and 98.2%, respectively. Our prevalence analysis demonstrated a noteworthy infection rate of AmFV in 545 honeybee colonies, reaching 33.09% in 2022 and increasing to 44.90% by 2023. Intriguingly, we also detected AmFV in Varroa destructor mites, highlighting their potential role as vectors and carriers of AmFV. The presence of AmFV was correlated with an increased infection rate of sacbrood virus, deformed wing virus, Lake Sinai virus 2, black queen cell virus, and Nosema ceranae in honeybee colonies. These findings provide valuable insight into the prevalence and potential transmission mechanisms of AmFV in honeybee colonies in the ROK. The results of this study may be instrumental in the effective management of viral infections in honeybee apiaries.
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Details
1 Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.466502.3) (ISNI:0000 0004 1798 4034); Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, Institute of Biotechnology, Ha Noi, Viet Nam (GRID:grid.267849.6) (ISNI:0000 0001 2105 6888)
2 Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Laboratory of Parasitic and Honeybee Diseases, Bacterial Disease Division, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea (GRID:grid.466502.3) (ISNI:0000 0004 1798 4034)
3 Thai Nguyen University of Sciences, Faculty of Biotechnology, Thai Nguyen, Viet Nam (GRID:grid.444880.4) (ISNI:0000 0001 1843 0066)