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Copyright © 2024, Al-Hagawi et al. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopies are essential for detecting and treating various digestive tract problems. While typically safe, these treatments can entail the risk of severe adverse events (SAEs), especially in individuals with a low body mass index (BMI). The current study aimed to evaluate whether post-endoscopy SAEs are more common in patients with low BMI and find risk factors for serious adverse outcomes in Saudi Arabian patients from Khamis Mushait, Aseer region, Saudi Arabia. The data of 398 adult patients with abdominal endoscopies between April and November 2023 were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups: low BMI (BMI ≤ 18.5) and control (18.5 ≤ BMI ≤ 30). They were matched for age, gender, comorbidities, endoscopy type, and other pertinent characteristics. Low-BMI patients (Group I, n = 108) were substantially younger and had lower levels of albumin and total protein than the control group (Group II, n = 209). Comorbidities varied between groups, with diabetes mellitus more prevalent in Group II and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) more commonplace in Group I. Treatment options also differed, with Group I receiving more biological treatments, steroids, and feeding tubes. Endoscopic procedures and indications were comparable among groups, with no significant variations in post-endoscopy complications. The endoscopy results varied from gastritis to colon malignancy, with no SAEs recorded in either group. Unlike earlier findings, this study found no higher incidence of SAEs in low-BMI individuals having abdominal endoscopy. This might be because of the restricted guidelines of different medical authorities, including clear informed consent that illustrates any risks, benefits, alternatives, sedation plan, and potential diagnostic or therapeutic interventions. Also, professional endoscopists and consultants who ensure adequate visualization of the GI mucosa, using mucosal cleansing and insufflation as necessary, should avoid any risk of abdominal hemorrhage. These findings highlight the significance of personalized risk assessment and pre-procedural optimization, including nutritional assistance, in this patient population. More prospective research with larger sample sizes is needed to validate these findings and create targeted techniques for improving outcomes in individuals with a low BMI having endoscopic operations.

Details

Title
Endoscopy of Low BMI Patients Compared to Normal BMI Patients: A Study From the Aseer Region, Saudi Arabia
Author
Al-Hagawi Yahia; Alqahtani, Nasser I; Nasser Alsharif Saeed; Rafaat, Chakik; Hadi Asiri Dawlah; Al mani Salihah Y Sr.; Badawi Azizah; Ahmad Al-assiri Haneen; Saeed Al Malih Hana; Alamri Hend; Saad AlAli Amjad; Ali Alqhtani Aisha A; Al-BinAbdullah, Asiah A; Elgazzar, Mohamed H
University/institution
U.S. National Institutes of Health/National Library of Medicine
Publication year
2024
Publication date
2024
Publisher
Springer Nature B.V.
e-ISSN
21688184
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3073867868
Copyright
Copyright © 2024, Al-Hagawi et al. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.