Cardiovascular health assessed by the new life’s essential 8 and the prevalence of urinary incontinence in adults

Abstract

Objective

To explore the association between cardiovascular health (CVH) measured by Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) and the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI).

Method

A cross-section study was conducted using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2012. 22,609 people aged ≥ 20 years with complete information on LE8 metrics and UI questionnaires were enrolled. Participants were divided into three groups (low: < 50, moderate: ≥ 50 and < 80, high: ≥ 80) based on the cut-off of LE8. Weighted proportions, multivariable logistic regression analysis and stratified logistic regression were performed to examine the association between LE8 and the prevalence of three types of UI separately (stress UI (SUI), urge UI (UUI), mixed UI (MUI)) by confounding factors adjusted. Spline smooth was conducted to find whether a linear relationship existed. In addition, sensitive analyses were also conducted to observe the stability.

Result

A total of 22,609 adults were involved in the study, and participants were divided into three groups (low 42.2 ± 6.3, moderate 66.1 ± 8.1, high 86.8 ± 5.1) according to the cut-off points of LE8. The multivariable logistic regression suggested that LE8 is inversely associated with the prevalence of SUI (OR = 0.98, 95%CI 0.98 to 0.99), UUI (OR = 0.98, 95%CI 0.98 to 0.99), and MUI (OR = 0.98, 95%CI 0.97 to 0.98) in the fully-adjusted model. Compared with the low group, people with high scores of LE8 had a lower prevalence of SUI (OR = 0.45, 95%CI 0.37 to 0.55), UUI (OR = 0.49, 95%CI 0.40 to 0.60), and MUI (OR = 0.41, 95%CI 0.30 to 0.55). The result of the sensitive analysis showed the robustness of the main analysis.

Conclusion

The prevalence of UI (SUI, UUI, or MUI) is inversely associated with the LE8 score, which suggests that maintaining a good CVH with a higher LE8 score is accompanied by lower prevalence rates of UUI, SUI, and MUI.