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Abstract
Introduction: Various studies have evaluated the in vitro anti-inflammatory effect of nitazoxanide (NTZ), suggesting new therapeutic functions for this drug. Aims: To evaluate the in vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of NTZ in acute mice models. Methods: Mice models of paw oedema, abdominal writhing, formalin and the rota-rod test were used. Results: Oral treatment with NTZ induced inhibition of paw oedema (60.00% and 66.67% at doses of 10 and 30 mg/kg, respectively) in the first hour after inflammatory stimulus, carrageenan (Cg). There was also a significant inhibition of 60.71% and 40.00% at the 30 mg/kg dose after 4h and 6 h, respectively after inflammation. Four hours after inflammation, the histological analysis of the footpad of animals treated with 30 mg/kg of NTZ showed a reduction in the migration of inflammatory cells by 65.77%. It is also important to highlight that there was a significant reduction of tumor necrose factor-alfa (TNF-α) in the initial phase of inflammation, 2 h after administration of the Cg. There was an inhibition in abdominal contortions by 54.14% and 56.21% at 30 and 90 mg/kg doses, respectively. In the formalin test only the dose of 90 mg/kg showed antinociceptive action (54.85%; first phase and 45.67%; second phase). The results from rota-rod test showed that motor coordination was not affected with NTZ. Conclusions: This anti-inflammatory activity of NTZ appears to be a consequence of its ability to reduce the levels of an important mediator of the inflammatory response and pain the TNF-α.





