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Abstract
The standardization of cultivation processes that allow high levels of conidia growth and formation is required to formulate Trichodermaproducts to combat fungal diseases in agronomically important crops. This study evaluated the effects of inoculation using different inoculum concentrations (1.0x105, 1.0x106, and 1.0x107conidia mL-1) and inoculum volumes (10, 30, and 50 mL). Later, it evaluated the effect of adding microelements (CaCO3, KH2PO4, MgSO4*7H2O, and (NH4)2SO4) on the conidiogenesis of two strains of Trichoderma asperellum (GRB-HA01 and GRB-HA02) in solid-state and liquid fermentation processes. After 12 days of fermentation, the highest conidiogenesis values for Trichoderma asperellumGRB-HA01 (6.9x109±5.7x102conidia g-1) and Trichoderma asperellumGRB-HA02 (1.3x109±1.4x102conidia g-1) were achieved using an inoculum volume of 10 mL at a concentration of 1.0x07conidia mL-1. Adding CaCO3(1 g g-1), resulted in the highest conidia concentrations for Trichoderma asperellumGRB-HA01 (3.0x1011±2.5x102conidia g-1) and Trichoderma asperellumGRB-HA02 (8.6x1010±1.1x101conidia g-1), reducing fermentation times to 9 days. The conidiogenesis obtained with liquid fermentation was lower and affected Trichoderma asperellumGRB-HA01 (3.1x107±1.1x102conidia g-1) and Trichoderma asperellumGRB-HA02 (3.1x109±2.8x102conidia g-1). This study showed that inoculation and adding microelements were important factors in the conidiogenesis processes of Trichoderma asperellumGRB-HA01 and GRB-HA02. Additionally, it was evidenced that solid-state fermentations are more efficient than liquid fermentation processes.