Optimizing COP by RSM and MATLAB model of mini refrigerator based on thermoelectric units driven by solar photovoltaic

Abstract

Energy scarcity in the world and the pollutants resulting from excessive use of conventional energy aroused the need for sustainable alternatives that are environment friendly. A multi-use thermoelectric refrigerator powered by solar energy to obtain the lowest consumption with the highest efficiency. The designed refrigerator is based on the Peltier effect using Peltier units where a temperature difference is created between the junctions by applying a voltage difference across the junction. This study investigates the performance of a refrigerator cooling system powered by a photovoltaic (PV) system. The research aims to assess the efficiency, effectiveness, and feasibility of utilizing solar energy to drive refrigeration, particularly in off-grid or environmentally conscious applications. Through a comprehensive experimental setup and data analysis, the study examines energy consumption, cooling efficiency, and overall system performance under varying conditions. The findings contribute valuable insights into the potential of PV-powered refrigerators as sustainable cooling solutions. It relies on a control unit that measures the resulting temperature to determine the appropriate connection mode to give the highest cooling efficiency. The average solar radiation when operating for 8 h, for the different seasons of the year was 149.5, 67.5, 119.3, and 118.3 w/m² in summer, winter, spring, and fall, respectively. The average cooling energy consumption was 107.25, 137.04, 107, and 138.08 w for temperatures (20 ± 1, 15 ± 1, 20 ± 2, and 15 ± 2) °C respectively that proof solar radiation is sufficient to produce energy for the summer of cooling temperatures up to 15 °C, while in the spring and fall it is sufficient to 20 °C. The Fast not Eco mode is the least energy consuming and the fastest cooling, it can be used for rapid cooling at a short time less than an hour. The best mode in the case of continuous operation is the case of as next Eco mode cooling temperature of 20 ± 0.1 °C. The MATLAB Simulink model was developed to reduce the design cycle and facilitate the integration of solar photovoltaic with the TEC. The optimal operating point is identified through simulation and validated through experimental analysis, the optimal COP was 71.089% by Response surface methodology (RSM).