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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death in the female population. The current study aimed to examine the relationship between CVD risk and novel endothelial dysfunction biomarkers [i.e., endocan, adiponectin and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1] and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), respectively in a cohort of disease-free women of reproductive age. A total of 129 women were selected. Serum endocan, adiponectin and ICAM-1 were measured by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and cITM was determined by ultrasound. Cardiovascular risk score (CVRS) was calculated. The lowest endocan (p for trend = 0.051) and adiponectin (p for trend = 0.040) levels were found in a group of subjects with the highest CVRS. The cIMT values were the highest in second tertile subgroups, with the highest 75th percentile in a third tertile CVRS group, while the lowest cIMT values were detected in the lowest CVRS tertile group (p for trend = 0.001). A significant positive correlation between cIMT and CVRS (ρ = 0.307, p < 0.001), and a negative correlation between adiponectin and endocan with CVRS, respectively (ρ = − 0.252, p = 0.004; ρ = − 0.179, p = 0.043) were observed, but only endocan retained the independent association with CVRS (p = 0.030) in the multiple linear regression analysis. Endocan could be useful diagnostic tool in the estimation of cardiovascular risk in young women.
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1 University of Montenegro-Faculty of Medicine, Podgorica, Montenegro (GRID:grid.12316.37) (ISNI:0000 0001 2182 0188); Primary Health Care Center, Center for Laboratory Diagnostics, Podgorica, Montenegro (GRID:grid.12316.37); University of Montenegro-Faculty of Medicine, Center for Laboratory Diagnostics, Primary Health Care Center, Podgorica, Montenegro (GRID:grid.12316.37) (ISNI:0000 0001 2182 0188)
2 University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy, Department for Medical Biochemistry, Belgrade, Serbia (GRID:grid.12316.37)
3 Clinical Center of Montenegro, Department of Neurology, Podgorica, Montenegro (GRID:grid.487328.2) (ISNI:0000000404187343)
4 Goztepe Medicalpark Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey (GRID:grid.487328.2)
5 Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Rize, Turkey (GRID:grid.412216.2) (ISNI:0000 0004 0386 4162)