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© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Background: Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that zinc deficiency and chronic stress contribute to depressive symptoms. Our study explores the intricate relationship between these factors by examining their physiological and biochemical effects across various organs in C57Bl/6J mice. Methods: The mice were divided into four groups: control, chronic restraint stress for 3 weeks, a zinc-restricted diet (<3 mg/kg) for 4 weeks, and a combination of stress and zinc restriction. Mice spleen and thymus weights were measured, and hematoxylin–eosin staining was conducted for liver and intestinal morphometry. Moreover, metallothionein (MT-1, MT-2, and MT-3), zinc transporter (ZnT-1), oxidative stress markers (TBARS, SOD, and GSH-Px), and zinc, iron, and copper concentrations in the liver were evaluated. Immunohistochemical analysis of the jejunum for ZIP1 and ZIP4 was also performed. Conclusions: Our findings reveal that dietary zinc restriction and chronic stress induce structural changes in the intestines and immune organs and impact metallothionein expression, oxidative stress, and liver iron and copper homeostasis.

Details

Title
Dietary Zinc Restriction and Chronic Restraint Stress Affect Mice Physiology, Immune Organ Morphology, and Liver Function
Author
Bederska-Łojewska, Dorota 1 ; Szczepanik, Kinga 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Turek, Justyna 1 ; Machaczka, Agata 1 ; Gąsior, Łukasz 1 ; Pochwat, Bartłomiej 1 ; Piotrowska, Joanna 3 ; Rospond, Bartłomiej 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Szewczyk, Bernadeta 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Department of Neurobiology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland[email protected] (B.S.) 
 Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, ul. Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland; [email protected] 
 Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland 
First page
3934
Publication year
2024
Publication date
2024
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20726643
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3133175643
Copyright
© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.