It appears you don't have support to open PDFs in this web browser. To view this file, Open with your PDF reader
Abstract
To have the desired therapeutic effect, nanomedicines and macromolecular medications must move from the site of injection to the site of action, without having adverse effects. Transvascular transport is a critical step of this navigation, as exemplified by the Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect in solid tumors, not found in normal organs. Numerous studies have concluded that passive, diffusion- and convection-based transport predominates over active, cellular mechanisms in this effect. However, recent work using a new approach reevaluated this principle by comparing tumors with or without fixation and concluded the opposite. Here, we address the controversy generated by this new approach by reporting evidence from experimental investigations and computer simulations that separate the contributions of active and passive transport. Our findings indicate that tissue fixation reduces passive transport as well as active transport, indicating the need for new methods to distinguish the relative contributions of passive and active transport.
You have requested "on-the-fly" machine translation of selected content from our databases. This functionality is provided solely for your convenience and is in no way intended to replace human translation. Show full disclaimer
Neither ProQuest nor its licensors make any representations or warranties with respect to the translations. The translations are automatically generated "AS IS" and "AS AVAILABLE" and are not retained in our systems. PROQUEST AND ITS LICENSORS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ANY AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES FOR AVAILABILITY, ACCURACY, TIMELINESS, COMPLETENESS, NON-INFRINGMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Your use of the translations is subject to all use restrictions contained in your Electronic Products License Agreement and by using the translation functionality you agree to forgo any and all claims against ProQuest or its licensors for your use of the translation functionality and any output derived there from. Hide full disclaimer
Details
1 Materia Therapeutics, Las Vegas, NV, USA
2 Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
3 Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
4 Department of Computer Science, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
5 Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
6 Process Systems and Operations Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
7 Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
8 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
9 Edwin L. Steele Laboratories, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA