Prognostic significance of CDK1 expression in diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma

Abstract

Background

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoma in adult, characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation and strong aggressiveness. Previous studies have found that cyclin-dependent kinase 1(CDK1) are related to tumor growth and metastasis. However, the role of CDK1 in DLBCL is exclusive. This study investigated the clinical implications and expression of CDK1 in DLBCL.

Methods

Gene expression data for healthy subjects were sourced from the Genotype-Tissue Expression repository. Clinical details and survival statistics of patients with DLBCL were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus archive (GSE10846). Patients were categorized based on CDK1 expression levels, and differences in clinical outcomes between the groups were examined. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to ascertain whether CDK1 expression independently predicted DLBCL prognosis. The protein expression of CDK1 was gauged by immunohistochemistry. Additionally, we investigated the effect of CDK1 inhibition on DLBCL cell growth and death using the Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry.

Results

In the control group, CDK1 expression was predominantly observed in the hematopoietic and reproductive systems. CDK1 levels in patients with DLBCL were notably elevated compared with those in controls. Significant differences were noted in the lactate dehydrogenase ratio and overall survival based on CDK1 expression. Statistical analyses confirmed that CDK1 was an independent predictor of DLBCL outcomes. Elevated CDK1 protein levels were observed in a significant number of DLBCL samples, in contrast to normal lymph node samples from individuals without lymphoma. The inhibitor Ro-3306 curtails DLBCL cell growth and enhances cell death in vitro.

Conclusions

Elevated CDK1 levels are correlated with poor prognosis in patients with DLBCL.