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© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Background: Some evidence of the value of 18F-fluorodesoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging for the assessment of gliomas and glioblastomas (GBMs) is emerging. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the role of [18F]FDG PET-based radiomics and machine learning (ML) in the evaluation of these neoplasms. Methods: A wide literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases was made to find relevant published articles on the role of [18F]FDG PET-based radiomics and ML for the assessment of gliomas and GBMs. Results: Eight studies were included in the systematic review. Signatures, including radiomics analysis and ML, generally demonstrated a possible diagnostic value to assess different characteristics of gliomas and GBMs, such as the methylation status of the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter, the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) genotype, alpha thalassemia/mental retardation X-linked (ATRX) mutation status, proliferative activity, differential diagnosis with solitary brain metastases or primary central nervous system lymphoma, and prognosis of these patients. Conclusion: Despite some intrinsic limitations of radiomics and ML affecting the studies included in the review, some initial insights on the promising role of these technologies for the assessment of gliomas and GBMs are emerging. Validation of these preliminary findings in multicentric studies is needed to translate radiomics and ML approaches in the clinical setting.

Details

Title
[18F]FDG PET-Based Radiomics and Machine Learning for the Assessment of Gliomas and Glioblastomas: A Systematic Review
Author
Dondi, Francesco 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Gatta, Roberto 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Gazzilli, Maria 3   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Bellini, Pietro 4   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Viganò, Gian Luca 5 ; Ferrari, Cristina 6   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Antonio Rosario Pisani 6   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Rubini, Giuseppe 6   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Bertagna, Francesco 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 Nuclear Medicine, Università Degli Studi di Brescia and ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; [email protected] 
 Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Sperimentali, Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; [email protected] 
 Nuclear Medicine, ASL Bari—P.O. Di Venere, 70012 Bari, Italy; [email protected] 
 Nuclear Medicine, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; [email protected] 
 Clinical Engineering, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; [email protected] 
 Section of Nuclear Medicine, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy; [email protected] (C.F.); [email protected] (A.R.P.); [email protected] (G.R.) 
First page
58
Publication year
2025
Publication date
2025
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
20782489
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3159489293
Copyright
© 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.