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© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

Toscana virus (TOSV), a member of the Phlebovirus genus transmitted by sandflies, is acknowledged for its capacity to cause neurological infections and is widely distributed across Mediterranean countries. The potential geographic distribution and risk to the human population remained obscure due to its neglected nature. We searched PubMed and Web of Science for articles published between 1 January 1971 and 30 June 2023 to extract data on TOSV detection in vectors, vertebrates and humans, clinical information of human patients, as well as the occurrence of two identified sandfly vectors for TOSV. We further predicted the global distribution of the two sandfly vectors, based on which the global risk of TOSV was projected, after incorporating the environmental, ecoclimatic, biological, and socioeconomic factors. A total of 1342 unique studies were retrieved, among which 389 met the selection criteria and were included for data extraction. TOSV infections were documented in 10 sandfly species and 14 species of vertebrates, as well as causing a total of 7571 human infections. The occurrence probabilities of two sandfly vectors have demonstrated the greatest contributions to the potential distribution of TOSV infection risk. This study provides a comprehensive overview of global TOSV distribution and potential risk zones. Future surveillance and intervention programs should prioritize high-risk areas based on updated quantitative analyses.

Details

Title
Epidemiology and Ecology of Toscana Virus Infection and Its Global Risk Distribution
Author
Xue-Geng, Hong 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Mei-Qi, Zhang 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Tang, Fang 3 ; Si-Hui, Song 2 ; Jia-Yi, Wang 2 ; Zhen-Yu, Hu 4   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Li-Ming, Liu 5 ; Xiao-Ai, Zhang 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Sun, Yi 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Li-Qun, Fang 2   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Liu, Wei 6   VIAFID ORCID Logo 

 State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing 100071, China; [email protected] (X.-G.H.); [email protected] (M.-Q.Z.); [email protected] (S.-H.S.); [email protected] (J.-Y.W.); [email protected] (X.-A.Z.); [email protected] (Y.S.); The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan 250031, China 
 State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing 100071, China; [email protected] (X.-G.H.); [email protected] (M.-Q.Z.); [email protected] (S.-H.S.); [email protected] (J.-Y.W.); [email protected] (X.-A.Z.); [email protected] (Y.S.) 
 Institute of Medical Prevention and Control of Public Health Emergencies, Characteristic Medical Center of the Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Beijing 102613, China; [email protected] 
 School of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; [email protected] 
 College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China; [email protected] 
 State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing 100071, China; [email protected] (X.-G.H.); [email protected] (M.-Q.Z.); [email protected] (S.-H.S.); [email protected] (J.-Y.W.); [email protected] (X.-A.Z.); [email protected] (Y.S.); School of Public Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; [email protected] 
First page
15
Publication year
2025
Publication date
2025
Publisher
MDPI AG
e-ISSN
19994915
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3159617529
Copyright
© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.