Abstract

Background

This study was performed to characterize the epidemiology, management, and outcomes of skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI) and colonization due to carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE).

Methods

Patients from the Consortium on Resistance Against Carbapenem in Klebsiella and Other Enterobacteriaceae (CRACKLE-1) from December 24, 2011 to October 1, 2014 with wound cultures positive for CRE were included in the study. Predictors of surgical intervention were analyzed. Molecular typing of isolates was performed using repetitive extragenic palindromic polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Carbapenemase genes were detected using PCR.

Results

One hundred forty-two patients were included: 62 had SSTI (44%) and 56% were colonized. Mean age was 61 years, and 48% were male: median Charlson score was 3 (interquartile range, 1–5). Forty-eight percent of patients were admitted from long-term care facilities (LTCFs), and 31% were from the community. Two strain types (ST258A and ST258B) were identified (73% of 45 tested). Carbapenemase genes were detected in 40 of 45 isolates (blaKPC-3 [47%], blaKPC-2 [42%]). Sixty-eight patients (48%) underwent surgical intervention, 63% of whom had SSTI. Patients admitted from LTCFs were less likely to undergo surgical intervention (odds ratio [OR], 0.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18–0.71). In multivariable analysis, among patients with SSTI, those admitted from LTCFs were less likely to undergo debridement (OR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.04–0.93).

Conclusions

Patients admitted from LTCFs with CRE SSTI were less likely to undergo surgical intervention. Sixteen percent of the patients died, and approximately 50% of survivors required more intensive care upon discharge. These findings suggest a unique, impactful syndrome within the CRE infection spectrum. Further studies are needed to assess the role of surgical debridement in management of CRE-SSTI, particularly among LTCF residents.

Details

Title
A Prospective Observational Study of the Epidemiology, Management, and Outcomes of Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Due to Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae
Author
Henig, Oryan 1 ; Cober, Eric 2 ; Richter, Sandra S 3 ; Perez, Federico 4 ; Salata, Robert A 5 ; Kalayjian, Robert C 6 ; Watkins, Richard R 7 ; Marshall, Steve 8 ; Rudin, Susan D 9 ; Domitrovic, T Nicholas 9 ; Hujer, Andrea M 9 ; Hujer, Kristine M 9 ; Doi, Yohei 10 ; Evans, Scott 11 ; Fowler, Vance G, Jr 12 ; Bonomo, Robert A 13 ; David van Duin 14 ; Kaye, Keith S 1 

 Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 
 Departments of Infectious Diseases 
 Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio 
 Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ohio; Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 
 Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 
 Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 
 Department of Internal Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown; Division of Infectious Diseases, Akron General Medical Center, Ohio 
 Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ohio 
 Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ohio; Departments of Medicine 
10  Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania 
11  Department of Biostatistics and the Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 
12  Division of Infectious Diseases; Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 
13  Research Service, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ohio; Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Departments of Medicine; Pharmacology; Molecular Biology and Microbiology; Biochemistry; Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 
14  Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 
Publication year
2017
Publication date
Summer 2017
Publisher
Oxford University Press
e-ISSN
23288957
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3171022359
Copyright
© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.