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© 2025. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the "License"). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background

The treatment of relapsing‐remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is changing. There are limited data about initial treatment of RRMS in Finland.

Objective

Our objectives were to study the trends of initial disease‐modifying treatments (DMTs) for patients with RRMS from 2013 to 2022, treatment delays, factors associated with DMT choice, DMT switch patterns, and the effect of the COVID‐19 pandemic.

Methods

This retrospective register study used secondary data from the Finnish MS register. The DMTs were classified into medium‐efficacy DMTs (meDMTs; beta interferons, glatiramer acetate, fumarates, and teriflunomide) and high‐efficacy DMTs (heDMTs; alemtuzumab, cladribine, daclizumab, natalizumab, ocrelizumab, ofatumumab, and rituximab).

Results

The inclusion criteria were fulfilled by 2479 individuals. From 2013 to 2022, the proportion of heDMTs as the initial therapy increased by 5.3‐fold from 6.9% to 43.7% (p < 0.001). Median diagnostic delay decreased from 10.1 to 4.6 months (p < 0.001). The COVID‐19 pandemic did not cause treatment delays. Higher disease activity and younger age were associated with the choice of heDMT as the initial DMT. heDMTs were the preferred second DMT in patients switching due to lack of efficacy.

Conclusion

In Finland, the treatment of RRMS has shifted toward earlier diagnosis and earlier initiation of heDMTs, likely improving the prognosis of the patients.

Details

Title
Evolving Patterns of Initial RRMS Treatment in Finland (2013–2022): Insights From a Nationwide Multiple Sclerosis Register
Author
Ahvenjärvi, Henrik 1   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Jokinen, Elina 2 ; Viitala, Matias 3 ; Autio, Henri 2 ; Portaankorva, Anne M. 4 ; Soilu‐Hänninen, Merja 5   VIAFID ORCID Logo  ; Krüger, Johanna 6 ; Ryytty, Mervi 6 

 Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland 
 Novartis Finland Ltd, Espoo, Finland 
 StellarQ Ltd, Turku, Finland 
 Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland, Clinical Neurosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland 
 Clinical Neurosciences, University of Turku, Turku, Finland, Neurocenter, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland 
 Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Neurology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland, Neurocenter, Neurology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland 
Section
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Publication year
2025
Publication date
Feb 1, 2025
Publisher
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
e-ISSN
21623279
Source type
Scholarly Journal
Language of publication
English
ProQuest document ID
3171089654
Copyright
© 2025. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the "License"). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.