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Abstract
Background
Significant variability exists in the application of infection control policy throughout the US Army initial entry training environment. To generate actionable information for the prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)/coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission among new recruits, active enhanced surveillance was conducted for evidence of and exposure to SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19.
Methods
We serially tested recruits with a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) COVID-19 and/or total antibody to SARS-CoV-2 tests at days 0, 14, and week 10 upon arrival for basic combat training at a location in the Southern United States.
Results
Among 1403 recruits who were enrolled over a 6-week period from August 25 through October 11, 2020, 84 recruits tested positive by RT-PCR, with more than half (55%, 46/84) testing positive at arrival and almost two-thirds (63%, 53/84) also testing seropositive at arrival. Similarly, among an overall 146 recruits who tested seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 during the period of observation, a majority (86%) tested seropositive at arrival; no hospitalizations were observed among seropositive recruits, and antibody response increased at week 10.
Conclusions
These findings that suggest serological testing may complement current test-based measures and provide another tool to incorporate in COVID-19 mitigation measures among trainees in the US Army.
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Details
1 Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA
2 Clinical Trials Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
3 Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
4 Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
5 Experimental Therapeutics, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
6 Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA
7 Armed Forces Health Surveillance Division, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
8 Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA; Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
9 Moncrief Army Health Clinic, Fort Jackson, South Carolina, USA
10 United States Army Training Center, Fort Jackson, South Carolina, USA
11 Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
12 US Army Public Health Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, USA
13 Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA